ARTS 150 1st Edition Lecture 5 Outline of Lecture 5 I Middle Renaissance II Republic of Florence Italy a Cathedrals Outline of Lecture 6 Overview of Renaissance periods I Middle Renaissance a Masaccio Current Lecture Know where things are doors baptistery behind the cathedral 100 years between the South and East doors latter is much deeper and more fluid better understanding of underlying musculature Late 13th 14th century Early Renaissance trecento 1300s artists are trying to understand more of how things work and not just copy what they see 15th century Middle Renaissance quattrocento 1400 s art doesn t just show you back your reality what you see on the painted surface should be like looking through a window should obey all natural laws depth anatomy lighting Late 15th 16th century artists have mastered naturalism techniques and are bringing art to new heights this chronology is true for northern ten as well but retains more gothic Late 16th century Mannerism artists are trying to do something different as they come out of the Renaissance often the work is odd These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute I Middle Renaissance a Trinity 1425 1428 fresco covering the wall 21 x10 5 Masaccio means rough Thomas dies at 28 major influence i Shows father Holy Spirit son Mary donors tomb under showing death and resurrection ii Very believable sense of architectural space background of coffered ceiling receding to show space others will use floor tiles iii The musculature of the bodies is detailed especially Jesus artists are undergoing scientific work to understand how the body works flesh seems palpable but his body still seems strained in crucifixion your chest sinks down into your diaphragm and you can pull yourself up with your arms for breath until they give out and you suffocate iv God is behind Jesus to carry him up to heaven make you feel like you re witnessing the miracle makes religious events more believable like they re actually there v Tomb everyone will die hopefully you made good choices and will get to go to heaven clearly had access to a skeleton sometimes artists would dig up graves usually of criminals not given Christian burial Coffered ceiling a way to make the ceiling lighter ceiling is covered in square or rectangular indents sunken panels b Expulsion from Eden and Tribute Money there is a window across from painting that allows light to hit the image he uses the winos as his figurative light source for the shadows on his painting Fresco is lighter Northern artists are more concerned with surface detail Masaccio shows more what happens to body under certain conditions positions more internal structure evident and movement oriented female body still seems unrealistic c Tribute money Masaccio i Jesus and disciples come to city to teach meet tax collector who won t let them enter the city without paying Peter is outraged an argues with the tax collector but Jesus says Render unto Ceaser that which is Ceaser s and render unto God that which is God s Meaning obey laws of man that don t interfere with your relationship to god ii Incorporates continuous narration Jesus tells peter to fish peter fishes fish has money in mouth peter pays tax collector Modeling shading iii For the first time with Masaccio men stand on their feet tax collector especially really seems to have his weight on his feet grounded ness there are no coffered stones or ceiling tiles but you still can feel the depth on the foreground does show mountains getting lighter as they get further d Hercules and Antaeus Antonio del pallaiuolo owned by the Medici family small interior sculpture in bronze i Hercules fighting a son of the earth god squeezes him to death while holding him above ground because ground revives him when he touches it ii Everyone is fighting everyone in Italy at this time not all art has to have Christian ties now sculpture is dynamic sort of out if context with Renaissance shows great understanding of body in the action pioneering e Pallaiuolo also does metal engraving and developed it to a high degree Battle of Ten Nudes nudity is to show knowledge of Greco Roman art and of the physiology of the body the bodies form almost a catalog of positions lots of carnage more a demonstration of his knowledge than for aesthetic or metaphor f Birth of Venus Botticelli a favorite artist of Medici tempura on canvas not usually the best wood is better i Athena born from the froth of the ocean greeted by zephyrs and his wife as well as one of her nymphs one of first female nude paintings that is not of Eve ii Body she s very masculine abs slightly swelling abdomen arms are too long and not the same length very sloping and slightly narrow shoulders if you think about her trying to move it doesn t seem believable balance is off as if she would just fall over putting body together not through observation but more of a decoration through elegant lines iii Naturalism is present but not in all aspects water Different artists have different interests for their art to convey focus on perspective depth human anatomy general aesthetic etc g Primavera Botticelli i Complex allegory zephyrs is on right adopting abducting Chloris the nymph they get married and she becomes Flora Venus is in middle with her son cupid blindfolded above her the three graces chastity beauty and love dance in a circle mercury messenger of gods and god of doctors is dispelling the storm clouds ii Allegory on marriage husband chooses wife she has no choice she becomes fertile goddess Venus presides three graces are qualities of a good wife mercury dispelling clouds before they start iii Takes place in great garden botanists can distinguish species from details in the plants and flowers Neoplatonism this work do form is a distant echo of a more pure form mixing Christian and pagan values iv There can generally be two readings for things of this nature ex Venus Greco Roman goddess of love or depiction of Mary through her great love she brought us Jesus h Christ Giving the Keys to St Peter Perugino in Sistine chapel in Rome i Symbolism peter is first pope Peter you are the rock on which I will build my church Popes get their power from peter legitimizes pope s power i Michelangelo s ceiling we will cover this in a later class j Sistine Chapel chapel is completely covered in paintings private chapel of pope and cardinals i Center of