9 9 13 kin 110 lecture notes Health wellness o Are they the same thing o No o Is Wellness is a subset of health o Health is Freedom from disease Mental physical emotional health wellness Wellness expands to other things Health is more physical subset of wellness Maximum human performance in that context o Freedom from disease o Excelling quality of life o Quality not just how long requires more exercise o Quantity lifespan eat as little as possible expend as little calories as possible don t be physical activity o Changes over time and changes for different people Can you be overweight but healthy Let s agree high energy turnover is good o Physically active o Athlete lifestyle o How do you do it o Deliberately expending energy through exercise o Walking to school stairs Are exercise and physical activity the same thing o No o Exercise planned done for the sake of doing it o Physical activity different goal in mind ex Mowing the lawn is to cut the grass not to exercise Exercise is planned activity designed to expend energy increase fitness speed skill endurance and you re trying to accomplish a fitness goal Controversy about whether physical activity and exercise have the same benefits o Mental capacity o Lifespan o What matters in terms of health wellness o Reason for controversy fitness Generally increase fitness during exercise Not necessarily the case with physical activity Fitness o What is it Something that is measurable not always easy to do Strength Resistance training increases strength Cardiovascular fitness Flexibility Endurance Speed Messier when we define health o Do physical characteristics good health Low body fat Does this mean you are healthy NO Bulimia and anorexia nervosa How did you get to this point Exercise Naturally high metabolism Many athletes have eating disorders Bone density issues Electrolyte imbalances Overweight and healthy slow fat triathlete high er body fat than average athlete Controversy re fat fitness and health o National health policy Obesity is strongly related to prevalence of disease in the population Diabetes Hypertension Heart disease Lack of physical fitness What population US population Is everyone equal 320 billion people life expectancy has gone up in the past 50 years women have 5 year advantage over men counties o certain places have gotten worse than better compared with other counties o Characteristic of where you live o Want to prevent disease Life expectancy by race and sex o Everyone has improved women more than men o There is a racial gap however between whites and blacks o Has to do with socioeconomic status education levels Diabetes prevalence o Older people are more likely to get diabetes o American Indians Alaska native are at the highest risk at every age group o Blacks are 2nd highest risk o Hispanic latino Americans have 3rd highest risk o Whites have 4th highest Health disparity o Differences in health and disease among specific groups in a population o HINT KNOW THIS If rates of diabetes are higher in minority men women what do we do about it o If obesity is main cause of diabetes heart disease then solution is lose weight o Americans are too fat as a whole obesity o What if obesity isn t the actual problem o Reversing obesity epidemic and in effect improve health Is obesity the MAIN health problem of a symptom of the main problem o Poor diet lack of exercise o Obesity o Preventable disease heart disease obesity hypertension o Lifestyle diseases o Poor diet lack of exercise is the real problem Directly the problem obesity is the symptom o Is your neighborhood safe to exercise in o Are you close to a grocery store with fresh healthy food Many years cannot be healthy and overweight low body fat and good health are intrinsically related o Steve Blair Changing Strong evidence that people at ideal body weight but with low cardiovascular fitness are at greater risk for disease and premature death o Highest risk people at perfect body weight with no cardiovascular fitness o Fit Fat Its better to be fit and fat then unfit and lean o Blair runs 30 40 miles per week yet looks like a bowling ball Overweight athletes o 10 lean fit women Body fat 17 training 10 hr week o 10 overweight fit women Body fat 34 training 10 hr week Cyclists Runners triathletes o 10 overweight unfit women Body fat 36 no regular exercise o Measured blood triglycerides etc o Does fitness matter more than fatness o Partly right Best data Blood triglycerides Indicator of heart disease Lean athletes have low blood triglycerides Sedentary have high numbers Overweight fit athletes have same number of blood triglycerides as lean athletes o In general lean athletes were better on most data outcomes o But when it comes to blood triglycerides the overweight athletes were comparable What are characteristics of people who have How do people who do a lot physical activity maintain a high body fat o 2009 time cover story its what you eat that counts when losing weight is exercise useless for weight loss Cover is inflammatory o Eating back the calories that you worked off Expend 2000 calories eat 2000 calories per day o Expend fewer calories some other way slow metabolism down