Kin lecture11/1/13- News: football players needing emergency surgery during the middle of their workouto What was it? Very intense exercise? Hot weather? Restricted access to water? Creatine supplements?o Hard exercise can damage muscle fibers Especially “eccentric” exerciseo Muscle lengthens while the individual sarcomere contract Damage to muscle leads to inflammation response that causes damage- Ryabdomyolysiso Brown/red urineo Membranes of muscle cells rupture Release proteins into the bloodo Myoglobin Released into the blood and filtered by the kidneyo Creatine kinase Measures muscle damageo Tells you nothing about how much creatine there is Creatine isn’t apart of creatine kinase… there IS not creatine! Doesn’t tell you anything about protein CK is the enzyme that catalyzes ADP+CP->ATP+ creatine Creatine supplements have no relationship with CKo In extreme case…kidney failure o What happens? Muscle swells and pressure increases Perimysium can accommodate about 20% increase in muscle size After that, swelling increases, pressure which leads to constricting blood flow as well as nerve pain (it pinches on nerves) Swelling and pain can become intense=compartment syndrome Pressure on blood vessels can cut off flow of oxygen-> muscle cells can dieo Treatment Surgery to cut into the perimysium Large incisions Retract skin Slice into the perimysium for the muscle to expand and relieve the pressure- Hot weather?o Dehydration! o Restricted access to water? Less blood flow Less ability to clear toxins Less proteins o Kidney problems filtering protein- Creatine supplementso Muscles retain H2O…can lead to swellingo It can make you work harder…potential muscle damageo If people take creatine supplements it MAY have contributed to Ryabdomyolysis- What is the bottom line?o Excessive exercise is the main reason! (not accustomed to very hard exercise and push them beyond their limitations)o Hot weather (a little)o Restricted fluids (a little)o Creatine supplements (a
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