9/5 kin 110 class notes- Getting to know Jeno Graduate student, 3rd year doctoral studento Was previously a TA for the class for 3-4 yearso She studies glycemic control Significant for people with Type I diabeteso Loves cookingo loves music Goo goo dollso Outdoorsy persono Went to Australia last semester for a few monthso Camped in Utah last summero Lives in Greenfield- A tip for success in this class:o Don’t get bogged down in the detailso What’s the key point?o How to take notes? Writing down every word on the slide Paying attention to what I’m saying and writing down key points- You are what you eat…?o Yes or no poll- Basics of energy metabolismo Metabolism = sum of all life processeso Catabolism = break down of polymers (energy production)o anabolism = building up of polymers (energy storage)- movement of energy between systems and conversion energy to different forms of energy is the basis for life- 1st law of thermodynamicso energy can not be created or destroyedo But; it can be changed!o ex. plants transfer the energy from the sun (thermonuclear energy) into chemical bond energy in order to grow- suno what is it made of? Hydrogen and helium- Plantso What are they made of? Water Carbohydrates (CHO) Fiber- Animals (eat plants)o What are they made of? Protein Fat Water Little CHO- Humans have similar composition to a cowo Protein, fat, water…o Not much CHO- Are approximately what you eat if you are eating a balanced dieto NOT what you eat if you are a vegetariano Big point: energy we need for survival, physical activity, etc. comes from stored energy - Measure chemical bond energy?o Energy in food calorieso Bomb calorimeter Small bucket inside a big bucket of water Burn the food in the small bucket Measure the temperature change of the water, this can tell us how many calories it containedo 1 kcal (1 Calorie) = heat needed to raise 1 g of water by 1 degree Celsius- Energy measured in kcals (or Calories)o Calories vs. calorieso Nutrition labels use Calories/kcals- The ice dieto 1 gram ice = 120-160 calories (not Calories)o 1000 grams of ice = 120 kcalso 1 kg = 2.2 lbs of iceo would need to eat 60 lbs of ice to have a 1 lb difference on the scaleo link to this article on moodle website- Useful factso Molecules that have chemical bond energy (Calories) are CHO, PRO, FAT, alcoholo Water, vitamins, minerals, pencil eraser and fiber contain no usable energyo People contain a range of calories (400,000- 500,000 kcals) Depends on fat- Average person produces 1 kcal per minuteo Equivalent to lightbulb- Energy balanceo Relationship between energy intake (food) and energy expenditure (energy out)o *expend energy as ATP and heat- energy in = energy outo bird vs. Hela monster lizardo bird expends lots of energy so it needs to consume a lot of energyo the lizard barely expends any energy - it conserves energy all day just laying aroundo which is better? To eat a lot and expend a lot? Or eat hardly anything and expend very little energy? It depends on the goal- What do we mean by human performance?o Athletic Strength Speed Endurance Flexibility Staminao Goal: best possible performance- Health (wellness?)o Health: Homeostasis/balance Movement- Ability to do different things- Limitationso Arthritiso Multiple sclerosiso Human performance in that context? Maximize quantity of years alive? Minimize risk of disease Maintain ideal BMI, body image Highest quality of years aliveo Different for everyone, changes over
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