CHAPTER 16 1 In his transformation experiments what did Griffith observe a Mixing a heat killed pathogenic strain of bacteria with a living nonpathogenic strain can convert some of the living cells into the pathogenic form 2 How do we describe transformation in a assimilation of external DNA into a bacteria cell 3 It became apparent to Watson and Crick after completion of their model that the DNA molecule could carry a vast amount of hereditary information in which of the following a sequence of bases 4 In an analysis of the nucleotide composition of DNA which of the following will be found a A C G T 5 DNA replication is said to be semiconservative What does this mean a Each new double helix consists of one old and one new strand 6 Replication in prokaryotes differs from replication in eukaryotes for which of the following reasons a Prokaryotic chromosomes have a single origin of replication whereas eukaryotic chromosomes have many 7 In E coli there is a mutation in a gene called dnaB that alters the helicase that normally acts at the origin Which of the following would you expect as a result of this mutation a No replication fork will be formed 8 Which enzyme catalyzes the elongation of a DNA strand in the 5 3 direction a DNA polymerase III 9 At a specific area of a chromosome the sequence of nucleotides below is present where the chain opens to form a replication fork 3 C C T A G G C T G C A A T C C 5 An RNA primer is formed starting at the underlined T T of the template Which of the following represents the primer sequence 1 a 5 A C G U U A G G 3 10 What is the function of DNA polymerase III a to add nucleotides to the 3 end of a growing DNA strand 11 The difference between ATP and the nucleoside triphosphates used during DNA synthesis is that a the nucleoside triphosphates have the sugar deoxyribose ATP has the sugar ribose 12 The leading and the lagging strands differ in that a the leading strand is synthesized in the same direction as the movement of the replication fork and the lagging strand is synthesized in the opposite direction 13 You briefly expose bacteria undergoing DNA replication to radioactively labeled nucleotides When you centrifuge the DNA isolated from the bacteria the DNA separates into two classes One class of labeled DNA includes very large molecules thousands or even millions of nucleotides long and the other includes short stretches of DNA several hundred to a few thousand nucleotides in length These two classes of DNA probably represent a leading strands and Okazaki fragments 14 Which of the following would you expect of a eukaryote lacking telomerase a a reduction in chromosome length in gametes 15 Which of the following statements describes the eukaryotic chromosome a It consists of a single linear molecule of double stranded DNA plus proteins 16 If a cell were unable to produce histone proteins which of the following would be a likely effect a The cell s DNA couldn t be packed into its nucleus 17 Which of the following is true of DNA during interphase 19 Which of the following statements describes chromatin a Heterochromatin is highly condensed whereas euchromatin is less compact a It exists as chromatin and is less condensed than mitotic chromosomes 18 Which of the following represents the order of increasingly higher levels of organization of chromatin a nucleosome 30 nm chromatin fiber looped domain CHAPTER 17 1 The flow of information in a cell proceeds in what sequence a From DNA to RNA to protein 2 A codon consists of bases and specifies which will be inserted into the polypeptide chain a Three amino acid 3 A particular triplet of bases in the template strand of DNA is 5 AGT 3 The corresponding codon for the mRNA transcribed is a 3 UCA 5 4 The genetic code is essentially the same for all organisms From this one can logically assume which of the following a A gene from an organism can theoretically be expressed by any other organism 5 What is the function of RNA polymerase a It unwinds the double helix and adds nucleotides to a growing strand of RNA 6 Which of the following statements best describes the termination of transcription in prokaryotes a RNA polymerase transcribes through the terminator sequence causing the polymerase to separate from the DNA and release the transcript 2 7 Transcription in eukaryotes requires which of the following in addition to RNA polymerase a Several transcription factors 8 After an RNA molecule is transcribed from a eukaryotic gene what are removed and what are spliced together to produce an mRNA molecule with a continuous coding sequence a Introns exons 9 What is a ribozome a A biological catalyst made of RNA 10 In order for a eukaryotic gene to be engineered into a bacterial colony to be expressed what must be included in addition to the coding exons of the gene a A bacterial promoter sequence 11 Which of the following is true of tRNAs a Each tRNA binds a particular amino acide 12 Accuracy in the translation of mRNA into the primary structure of a polypeptide depends on specificity in the a bonding of the anticodon to the codon and the attachment of amino acids to tRNAs 13 Which of the following is the first event to take place in translation in eukaryotes the small subunit of the ribosome recognizes and attaches to the 5 cap of Mrna a b 14 Which of the following is a function of a signal peptide a to translocate polypeptides across the ER membrane 15 Which of the following types of mutation resulting in an error in the mRNA just after the AUG start of translation is likely to have the most serious effect on the polypeptide product a a deletion of two nucleotides 16 A frameshift mutation could result from a either an insertion or a deletion of a base CHAPTER 18 operon that is 1 The tryptophan operon is a repressible a turned off whenever tryptophan is added to the growth medium 2 Why is the lac operon said to be an inducible operon a When allolactose is present it induces the inactivation of the lac repressor 3 Altering patterns of gene expression in prokaryotes would most likely serve the organism s survival in which of the following ways a allowing the organism to adjust to changes in environmental conditions 4 Suppose an experimenter becomes proficient with a technique that allows her to move DNA sequences within a prokaryotic genome a The lac operon will function normally 5 Which of the following when taken up by the cell binds to the repressor so that the repressor no longer binds to the operator a
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