Name - Printed___________________________ Signature___________________________ Version 1 Exam 1 – Feb 4, 2013 BSC 2010, Introductory Biology Part I – Knowing the Vocabulary For questions 1-14 identify which word (if any) fits the given definition, as defined by the textbook and vocabulary lists. 1. “New properties that arise with each step upward in the hierarchy of life, owing to the arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases.” a. reductionism b. emergent properties c. systems biology d. phylogeny e. none of the above 2. “A form of regulation in which accumulation of an end product of a process slows the process; in physiology, a primary mechanism of homeostasis, whereby a change in a variable triggers a response that counteracts the initial change.” a. negative feedback b. positive feedback c. inductive reasoning d. catalyst e. none of the above 3. “The capacity to cause change, especially to do work (to move matter against an opposing force).” a. temperature b. electronegativity c. chemical reaction d. evolution e. none of the above 4. “An element indispensable for life but required in extremely minute amounts.” a. carbon b. nitrogen c. trace element d. essential element e. none of the above5. “The linking together of like molecules, often by hydrogen bonds.” a. cohesion b. polymer c. adhesion d. covalent e. none of the above 6. “The amount of heat that must be absorbed or lost for 1 g of a substance to change its temperature by 1°C.” a. temperature b. calorie c. kilocalorie d. specific heat e. none of the above 7. “One of several compounds that have the same molecular formula and covalent bonds between atoms but differ in the spatial arrangements of their atoms owing to the inflexibility of double bonds; formerly called a geometric isomer.” a. telomere b. structural isomer c. enantiomer d. cis-trans isomer e. none of the above 8. “A polymer of many amino acids linked together by peptide bonds.” a. polypeptide b. polymer c. carbohydrate d. protein e. none of the above 9. “A fatty acid in which all carbons in the hydrocarbon tail are connected by single bonds, thus maximizing the number of hydrogen atoms that are attached to the carbon skeleton.” a. unsaturated fatty acid b. saturated fatty acid c. trans fat d. linoleic acid e. none of the above 10. “The building block of a nucleic acid, consisting of a five-carbon sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and one or more phosphate groups.” a. peptide b. monosaccharide c. amino acid d. fatty acid e. none of the above11. “A structural polysaccharide of plant cell walls, consisting of glucose monomers joined by β glycosidic linkages.” a. collagen b. cellulose c. chitin d. carbohydrate e. none of the above 12. “The contents of the cell bounded by the plasma membrane; in eukaryotes, the portion exclusive of the nucleus.” a. vesicle b. cytoplasm c. organelle d. plasma membrane e. none of the above 13. “A network of microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments that extend throughout the cytoplasm and serve a variety of mechanical, transport, and signaling functions.” a. nucleus b. endoplasmic reticulum c. flagellum d. cytoskeleton e. none of the above 14. “the complex of DNA and proteins that makes up eukaryotic chromosomes” a. ribosome b. double helix c. nucleus d. chromatin e. none of the above Part II – Understanding the Homework 15. What of the following is NOT listed in correct order for the hierarchy of biological organization from the least to the most complex? a. atom < organelle < organism b. cell < organ < population c. organ < organ system < ecosystem d. molecule < organ < cell e. organelle < tissue < organism16. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells generally have which of the following features in common? a. a membrane-bounded nucleus b. the use of DNA for storage of the genetic information c. a cell wall made of cellulose d. flagella or cilia that contain microtubules e. linear chromosomes made of DNA and protein 17. Theoretically, in order for a hypothesis to be able to be used in science, which of the following must be true? a. It must be testable and falsifiable. b. It must be proven correct. c. It must be reproducible. d. It must be consistent with observations. e. It must be popularly accepted. 18. Which of the following four elements make up approximately 96% of living matter? a. carbon, oxygen, phosphorus, hydrogen b. carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen c. carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, calcium d. carbon, sodium, hydrogen, nitrogen e. oxygen, hydrogen, calcium, nitrogen 19. A carbon atom and a hydrogen atom form what type of bond in a molecule? a. Van der Waals interaction b. hydrogen bond c. ionic bond d. polar covalent bond e. nonpolar covalent bond 20. How many covalent bonds does a carbon atom typically make? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 e. 5 21. What is the hydrogen ion [H+] concentration of a solution of pH 8? a. 0.08 M b. 8 M c. 10-8 M d. 10-6 M e. 8 x 10-23 M22. Which of the following are two functional groups that are present in the molecule shown above? a. phosphate and sulfhydryl b. carboxyl and amino c. hydroxyl and amino d. hydroxyl and carbonyl e. methyl and amino 23. Why are stearoids considered to be lipids? a. They are essential components of cell membranes. b. They are not soluble in water. c. They are made of fatty acids. d. They are hydrophilic compounds. e. They contribute to atherosclerosis. 24. The flow of genetic information in a cell goes from _____. a. DNA to RNA to glucose b. DNA to ribosomes to RNA c. DNA to RNA to protein d. DNA to lipid to protein e. protein to RNA to DNA 25. If one strand of a DNA molecule has the sequence of bases 5'-GATTACA-3', the other complementary strand would have the sequence a. 5'-ACATTAG-3'. b. 5'-TGTAATC-3'. c. 5'-CTAATGT-3'. d. 5'-CUAAUGA-3'. e. 3'-CTAAGTG-5'. 26. There are 20 different amino acids. What makes one amino acid different from another? a. different side chains (R groups) attached to a carboxyl carbon b. different structural and optical isomers c. different asymmetric carbons d. different side chains (R groups) attached to the amino groups e. different side chains (R groups) attached to an α carbon27. Movement of vesicles within the cell
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