SPC1017 Test 2 Lecture 1 Interpersonal Relationships and Evaluating and Improving Relations Interpersonal communication definition one person interacting with another on a one to one basis often in an informal unstructured setting Two approaches to interpersonal communication 1 Situational approach focuses on elements of interpersonal process environment message feedback contexts nature of messages effects of variable on the success of a given interpersonal communication interaction noise clothing examine individual parts in order to understand the process 2 Developmental approach focuses on interactions and relationships relational development maintenance and disintegration ex How self concept affects dating relationships change in eye contact when relationship stage changes Emotional intelligence definition the ability to understand and get along with others includes being self aware managing emotions motivating yourself recognizing emotions in others handling relationships Perception Self concept Emotional intelligence Cannot have one without the other Three phases in a relationship 1 Entry phase information demographic communication is guided by rules and norms Uncertainty reduction theory uncertainty is unpleasant and therefore motivates people communicate to reduce it 2 Personal phase information attitudes and beliefs communicate more freely and less rules 3 Exit phase information less to none planning future interaction plans mostly avoiding conversation Tips for beginning conversations introduce yourself in a way that gives the other person a way to respond to you give the person a way to remember your name small talk social conversation in which the topic is relatively unimportant Look at the flow of a conversation figure 7 2 in book Social exchange theory human interaction is like an economic transaction argues the major force in interpersonal relationships is the satisfaction of both peoples self interest weighing of rewards and cost Rewards and Costs intrinsic an intangible award of recognition or sense of achievement motivation extrinsic a tangible or physical gift given to you for an accomplishment instrumental sharing an apartment with another person Pro less money spent Con less space Motives for interpersonal communication pleasure affection inclusion escape relaxation control health cybermotivation reciprocity you expect to get things back from people I scratch your back you scratch mine reputation and influence altruism and self efficacy we all want to do the right thing because it s the right thing to do direct reward Social penetration theory onion theory we have an inner core then on top of that we have our attitudes values and beliefs and on top of that we have a top layer interests and hobbies that doesn t tell much about yourself Key points 1 Peripherals exchange more frequently Self disclosure definition a process in which one person tells another something he or she would not reveal to just anyone includes culture info least personal sociological info who we are and our roles in the world psychological most personal and very close relationship Johari window Known to others Not known to other Known to self Open Hidden Not known to self Blind Unknown Self disclosure and fears 4 1 Fear of having your faults exposed 2 Fear that your partner will become your critic 3 Fear of losing your individuality 4 Fear of being abandoned Factors that make up attraction to others 1 Physical attraction 2 Perceived gain 3 Similarities 4 Differences 5 Proximities Knappa s stages of a relationship development Coming together 1 Initiating 2 Experimenting 3 Intensifying 4 Integrating 5 Bonding Coming apart 1 Differentiating I have found someone else 2 Circumscribing sharing less 3 Stagnating relationship is no longer growing 4 Avoiding 5 Terminating Two types of variable that influence relationships 1 Transactional variables control trust intimacy 2 Relational variables commitment time rules immediacy intensity Negative influences on relationships 1 Aggressive talk 2 Regrettable talk 3 Criticism and complaints 4 Avoidance 5 Defensive communication I statements owned messages and what they express behavior feelings explanation connection Online relationships have media richness available channels asynchronous vs synchronous anonymity time needed for communication Cyberattraction cues of attractiveness in the cyber world 1 Attentive and sensitive process of negotiation 2 Simulated proximity 3 Strategic management of the similarity of perceptions 4 Attracting attention and interest 5 Humor 6 Self disclosure Internet and interpersonal relationships Positive effects 1 Support system for interpersonal relationships Negative effects 1 Social disengagement 2 Internet addiction Lecture 2 Internet and Interpersonal Relationships Role of intercultural communication communication skills determine how well knowledge is acquired and applied Knowledge class as the internet grows the more information it has on it Culture definition ever changing view values traditions social and political relationships and a worldview created and shared by a group of people bound together by a combination of factors factors include religion social class race ethnicity language location common history place of work family traditions Cultural identity definition the degree to which you identify with your culture cultural identity is learned factors include ethnicity gender age beliefs values Studying intercultural communication can help 1 Understand your own identity 2 Enhance personal and social interaction 3 Solve misunderstandings miscommunications and mistrust 4 Enrich the quality of a civilization 5 Become and effective citizen Power distance measuring social inequality Individualism vs collectivism wants to see the group succeed examining the degree of integration and orientation of individuals Masculinity vs Femininity examining the division of roles between men and women Uncertainty avoidance capturing tolerance for the unknown these are things we avoid if you don t want to know what is making you sick then avoid the facts Long term orientation measuring the tradeoff between long term and short term gratification of needs High context vs low context examining the degree to which most of the information is carried in the communication context or in the code or message high context info in situation very little in verbal message you know what to do at church low context info is in the message more