Porter&Moore&SPC1017:&Notes&for&Exam&2&&Exam&2:&• Verbal Communication, Chapter 3 • Non-Verbal Communication, Chapter 4 • The Process of Persuasion, Persuasive Speaking, Chapter 16 • Interpersonal Relationships and Communication, Chapter 6 • Listening, Chapter 5 • Professional Communication, Cover letters, Resumes, References, and Interviews, Chapter 10 • Oxford&dictionary&o began&by&a&group&taking&books&and&defining&each&word&individually,&met&1F2&times&a&year&and&voted&on&words&o People&determine&meanings&of&words&• Persuasive&speech&o Two&words:&&! Influence:&power&or&person&or&thing&! Motivation:&stimulation&intuition&to&act&• Ethical&considerations&o Treat&audience&with&respect&&! don’t&talk&them&down,& be&equal&with&your&audience,&Ex:&use&“we”&not&“you”&o Take&care&not&to&distort&or&exaggerate&your&facts&&! Ex:&George&Oleary,&coach&of&UCF&football&lost&job&after&5&years&because&he&distorted&facts&on&his&resume&o Avoid&lying&or&name&calling&! watch&the&way&you&say&a&name&o Avoid&suppressing&key&information&o If&you&have&something&to&gain&personally&tell&the&audience&! credibility&is&lost&when&you&are&not&ethical,&Ex:&relay&for&life&queen&• Difficulty&in&Persuasive&Speaking&o Dealing&with&values,&beliefs,&and&attitudes&that&are&usually&firmly&held&! Ex:&rooting&for&the&gators&o You&receive&so&many&persuasive&interactions&every&day&! Ex:&Facebook&ads&want&you&to&“buy&this”,&dog&“walk&me”,&text&“lets&go&workout”&o Occurs&slowly&over&time&! Ex:&online&is&persistent&o People&are&lazy&! need&to&challenge&them,&get&them&to&act,&ex:&thank&you&note&speech&(email&me!)&o Threat&to&our&freedom&! don’t&like&to&be&told&what&to&do,&make&it&easy,&not&a&threat,&make&it&something&you&just&do&• Strategies&for&Persuasive&Speaking&o What0am0I0trying0to0get0them0to0do?&o Try0to0get0them0to0act&o Try0and0get0them0to0continue0doing0what0they’re0doing&o Get0them0to0avoid0what0they’re0doing&#1&• 4&things&for&language&environment&o people&–&who’s&there?&Who’s&involved?&o Their0purpose0for0being0there00o Rules&for&which&people&achieve&grammatical&rules&o Actual0talk0that0takes0place&–&what&is&said&&• So0much0of0communication0is0ritual:"Hi.0How0are0you?0Nice0to0me0you.&• Appropriate&vs.&Inappropriate&o Profanity&o Euphemism&! Ex:&“I’d&like&a&hamburger”,&not&“I’d&like&a&juicy&cow”,&“passed&away”&not&“died”,&“IRS”&not&“government&taking&your&money”&! Kids&will&take&it&seriously,&be&honest&with&them,&address&the&situation,&“Johnny&died”,&not&hide/avoid&it/or&use&euphemism&o Double0speak:&when&institution&engages&in&euphemism&3/26&&• you&might&not&mean&to&offend&but&it&depends&how&the&person&takes&it&o sexism,&gender&and&language&• Gender&and&Language&o Rappor&Talk&–&speak&for&intimacy,&women&o Report&Talk&–&speak&to&maintain&status,&men&! Men&are&more&likely&to&intrupt&or&give&directives,&ex:&“write&this&down”&! Women&use&more&personal&pronouns&• Powerful&vs.&Less&Powerful&o Men:&“damn&good&movie”&women:&waiting&to&ask&if&she&liked&it&o Women:&“I&liked&the&movie.&Did&you&like&it?”&(tag)&o Hesitations:&“um”&“ya&know”&“like”&o Tag&question:&comes&across&as&less&powerful,&ask&question&but&separately&not&with&the&declarative&o Dialect…&British&=&#1&status&of&dialect,&Southern&is&last&! Virginia&vs&NC&vs&SC,&vs&TN,&vs&Tally,&vs&Miami&• &o What&do&I&want&to&say?&o How&do&I&want&to&say&it?&&! CLARITY,&to&be&clear&use&words&that&people&understand.&If&you&use&a&big&one&give&the&definition&or&explain&o Be&vivid&! Paint&a&picture,&adults&grow&away&from&being&vivid&o To&whom&are&you&talking&to?&! Work&vs.&friends&o What&metamessages&are&you&sending?&! Metamessage:&submessage&o Ethics&! Ex:&swearing&on&social&media&• Nonverbal&vs.&Verbal&Communication&o Verbal&Communication&=&linear&o Characteristics&of&Nonverbal&Communication&! (Holistically)&! 1.&Cultural&Determination&• taught,&ex:&eye&contact,&hand&shake,&the&apple&doesn’t&fall&far&from&the&tree,&parents&"&kids&! 2.&May&be&in&conflict&with&verbal&communication&• sending&a&mixed&message,&ex:&tone&of&voice,&body&language,&can&destroy&relationships&! 3.&Unconscious&• not&even&aware&you’re&doing&it,&a&good&way&to&learn&about&yourself&is&to&watch&yourself&on&camera&! 4.&Shows&you’re&true&feelings&and&attitudes&&! 5.&Varies&by&gender&! 6.&Displays&power&• ex:&office&size,&salary,&etc.)&• internal&power:&personal&(idc&about&my&office&size)&• extrinsic&power:&I&need&office/salary/etc.&• Spoke&about&free&vs.&hate&speech&• Types&of&Nonverbal&Communication:&o 1.&Paralanuage:&everything&but&what&we&say&(way&we& say&things)&! 1.&Rate&–&faster&=&intelligent,&comptent,&credible,&but&also&seen&as&less&honest&and&trustworthy,&vary&the&pace&when&you&speak&! 2.&Pitch&–&High&vs.&Low,&higher&=&not&pleasa nt.&Not&varing&the&pitch&=&monotone&! 3.&Volume&–&need&to&be&heard!&People&become&quiet&because&they&are&devoiced&as&children,&&pay&attention&to&the&audience,&use&your&entire&body&(chest,&abs,&posture),&don’t&speak&from&just&your&nose&or&throat,&when&you’re&feeling&vulurable&your&body&trys&to&protect&itself&by&closing&up&(psychological&effect)&! 4.&Quality&of&your&voice&–&tempo,&energy&of&voice,&the&residence&of&your&voice&=&fullness,&articulation&–&pronounce&words&correctly,&people&tend&to&start&strong&and&fall&off&ex:&“ya&know”&! Best0voice0=0little0higher0and0vary0the0pace&o 2.&Body&Language&&! 4&functions&we&do&with&our&body&that&communicate&• embloes:&body&language&that&translates&to&a&word&(peace&sign)&• illustrate:&things&we&do&to&accent,&emphasis,&reinforce&our&words&(showing&how&big&a&fish&is)&• regulators:&things&we&do&with&our&body&to&regulate&what&we&say&(coming&over&to&talk&or&just&turning&to&show&you’re&leaving)&(knodding&slow&vs.&fast,&looking&a t &your&phone&=&distracted&or&I&want&to&leave),&displaying&feelings&(facial&muscles&=&over&42&muscles&in&the&face,&10,000&expressions),&eye&messages&• attractiveness:&unrealistic&expectations,&change&how&you&perceive&yourself&symmetry,&things&we&can&change&=&clothes,&hair,&things&we&can’t&change&=&height&(ta l ler&people&make&more&money)&• 45%&listening,&30%&speaking&• Good&Listeners&&o Prepare&o Understand&what&they’re&saying&or&not&saying&o Ask&questions&o And&respond&o Provide&feedback&o Doesn’t&criticize&•