TEST 4 KEY TERMSChapter 6: Central Europe- Geographic Overview Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Benelux, Belgium, Netherlands, and Luxembourg (smallest)- Benelux Densely populated Belgium French in the South, Flemish in the North (3/5) Catholicism (67%, 5%--regular church goers) Beer, chocolate, waffles, frites (fries) National dishes “Steak and Fries with salad” “Mussels with frites”- Chez Leon Brussels, Belgium (1893) Most famous restaurant for mussels and frites- Belgium Waffles Endive (bitter—pull it apart and stuff it with stuff; an early lettuce wrap) Stoemp Waterzooi Lapin (rabbit)- Foods Belgium Waffles Medieval origins aka Brussels waffles 1964 NY World Fair (when the waffles came to US.) Liege Waffles Richer, denser; pearl sugar, vanilla sugar Stoemp Pureed potatoes and other root veggies Wortelstoemp Carrots Waterzooi Stew made of fish or chicken, veggies (carrots, leeks, potatoes) Herbs, eggs, cream, and butterNetherlands- 3,000 square miles, 25% below sea level- Polders and Dikes to hold land up- Holland—region in Western Netherlands Two Provinces N. Holland S. Holland Capital: Amsterdam Rotterdam (Europe’s largest port)TEST 4 KEY TERMS The Hague (seat of the government) - Dutch- “Dutch Masters” Rembrandt, Van Gogh- Religion—39% active Catholic, Protestant, Muslim (5%), Buddhists (1%) and HindusBeverages- Tea (Breakfast, 4PM)- Borrel (Dutch Gin) Not dry, sweet!- Coffee [milk/cream, Elevenes (11 am)] Foods to Know- Rigsttafel Rice Bowl Rice table From Indonesia Hot and spicy- Appleflappen Apple pie doughnut crosses- Hutspot Boiled and mashed potatoes Carrots and onionsLuxemburg Smallest, landlocked ½ million people French, German, Luxembourgish Religion (87% Catholic according to Facebook)Central Europe Geography - Germany, Netherlands, Belgium Suited for crops Barley, rye, and oats Root veggies Apples and pears- Switzerland and Austria Alps Agriculture < 10% of land Cheese production, Switzerland 2 times the size of New Jersey Surrounded by France, Germany, and Italy- Rivers Rhine Rive (Switzerland to North Sea)TEST 4 KEY TERMSAustria- 8.5 million, 1.7 in Vienna- Danube River—goes through 4 capital cities - History Trading Powers Belgium (Congo—rubber and ivory) Netherlands (Indonesia, Brazil) Powerful Families Honenzollern (300 years) N. Germany (Prussia, Berlin was the capital) 1640-1918 (WWI)- Hapsburg Austria, Czech, Hungary, Balkan States Mixed cultures 1218-1948 (1848—changes in family powers- World wars Political power key German empire, 1871 Otto Von Bismarck, Minister Pres. 1914 Assassination of Ferdinand WWI Berlin Wall fell in 1989- Culture The Arts Artisits (Rembrandt, Van Gogh, Veemer) Bach, Handel, Beethoven, Brahma, Wagner (German) Austria composers (Mozart) Holidays and Celebrations Netherlands Christmas (Dec. 5, Sinterklass and Peperoten—Santa Clause/Elf) New Years Eve Midnight bonfire Queen’s Birthday Amsterdam, AprilNetherlands Holidays and CelebrationsGermany- Christmas- St. Nicholas Day, Dec. 5- Advent Wreath- Stollen (Christmas Bread)TEST 4 KEY TERMSOktoberfest- 1810- Wedding (Prince Ludwig and Princess Teresa)- Two weeks, September/October- Beer and Oompa BandsSwitzerland- Muesli (breakfast cereal)- Fondue (melted cheese)- Raclette (melted cheese, boiled potatoes, sweet gherkin, and pickled pearl onion)Germany- Potatoes (Fredrick the Great—1744, required planting)- Cabbage- Pork, veal, and beef- Beer and Rhine Wines (sweeter/fruity wines)- Schnapps (80 proof)- Sauerkraut- Sauerbraten (roasted, sweet and sour, ginger snap gravy)- Schnitzel- PumpernickelPumpernickel Bread- Heavy, slightly sweet- Traditionally coarsely ground rye- Rye flour and whole rye berries- Long baking periodAustria - Weiner Schnitzel (pg. 118)—veal cutlet, lightly breaded, pan fried- Apfel Strudel, sacher torteSachertorte (Austrian)- Chocolate cake with an apricot jam between or glazed overBeer a Favorite Beverage- Malt, hops, yeast, and water- 1,200 breweries in Germany—producing over 5,000 kindsChapter 7: Eastern EuropeGeography of Eastern Europe- No specific barriersTEST 4 KEY TERMS- Baltic Sea south to Adriatic and Black Sea- West to Czech Republic- East to RussiaUkraine- Ukrainian- Christianity? 62.5% atheist, few Muslims, and Jews- Traditional Roles—women are the main labor force for heavy jobs- Chix kiev - Kiev Cake Meringue with hazelnuts Chocolate glaze and buttercream—like frostingEstonia- 75.7% claiming to be irreligious- Evangelical Lutherans- 67.3% of Estonians speak Estonian- Two most popular beverages: Saku and A. Le Coq (beers)Lativa- Ice hockey- 7% attend church (evangelical Lutheran church of Lativa)- Foods Fatty, few spices Dark rye bread Grey peas and ham, fishHungary Key Terms:Chapter 61. Benelux2. Switzerland’s Main Feature3. East to West River in Austria4. Impacts on Dutch food 5. Bohemia, Czechoslovakia, Czech Republic6. Holidays in Netherlands7. Dutch Customs8. Muesli9. Oktoberfest10. Apfel Strudel11. Wiener Schnitzel12. Waterzooi, Hutspot, EintopfTEST 4 KEY TERMS13. Belgium14. Sauerbraten15. HapsburgsChapter 7:1. Kielbasa2. Gulyas3. Pierogi4. Slivovitz5. Dulceata6. Shchi7. Borsch8. Kasha9. Samovar10. Bigos11. Turkish Coffee12. Empires13. Tattars, KhansAlphabetsChapter 11: Greece, Turkey, and the LevantGreece- Eastern Orthodox: 98%Capital: Athens- Official Language: Greek- Cradle of Western Civilization Democracy Western PhilosophyCrete- Part of Greece- 5th largest island in the Mediterranean- Cretan Greek dialect- Center of Europe’s 1st Advanced Civilization Minoan (c. 2700-1420 BC)Turkey- Severe earthquakes- Turkish- Islam- IstanbulTEST 4 KEY TERMS Byzantium ConstantinopleThe Levant- Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Israel, Palestinian TerritoriesGeographic Features- Mediterranean Sea- Peloponnesus Peninsula Southernmost part of mainland Greece- Bosporus Channel between Europe and Asia- Tigris River- Euphrates River- Shatt-al-Arab- Persian GulfAgriculture- Greece Wheat, corn, rice Grapes and citrus Olive oil Fish, sheep (ewe’s milk, feta (made of ewe’s/sheep’s milk)- The Levant Water is scarce Corn, fruit, nuts Tobacco Grapes, figs, olives Sheep, cattle, chickensFeta Cheese- Sheep:
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