FSU HFT 2890 - Chapter 10 The Iberian Peninsula

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HFT2890 STUDY GUIDE 2 10/31/2011 1:54:41 PMChapter 10 The Iberian PeninsulaGeographic Overview- Spain and Portugalo Cut off from the rest of Europe because of the Pyrenees Mountain Range Isolation  Allows them to be neutral during wars especially WWI and II.o Invasions by Germany, Rome, and Moorso A lot of spices, especially Moroccano When the Moors invaded they became Islamic Then a big push for Catholicism with Franz Ferdinand Still the main religion- The Atlantic ocean washes the western shores of Portugal and Spain- Meseta: in the center of Spain, it is a high central plainAgriculture- Olive groves thrive in Spain- Big olive oil industry- Good wheat production, and some riceo But they must irrigate for their rice, and it is not an export, it is made for the country only- Madeira Wine: sweet, fruity wines produced on Madeira, a Portuguese island in the North Atlantic OceanHistory and Culture- Foreign influenceso Moors: Islamic invaders from North Africa (morocco) o El Cid  Military fighter Fought both for the Spaniards and for the Moors When he finished his reign, Isabella and Ferdinand took over and became a Catholic country Best known for freeing Valencia Exploring and Colonizing- Caravels : sailboats from the 15th century used to go to the Northern Africa. Very fasto Book definition: Sturdy vessels with lateen sails (triangular sails extended on a spar and flying from a rather low mast)- Prince Henry the Navigator: Portuguese leader who sponsored voyages of exploration aboard caravels to very distant places- Magellan: Portuguese navigator who led the first circumnavigation of the world from 1519 to 1522, but died in the Philippines during the trip.- Bartholomew Diaz: Portuguese navigator who sailed around the Cape of Good Hope (southern tip of Africa) in 1488- Vasco De Gama: Portuguese navigator who opened the trade routes to India in 1498 and 1502- Cortes: Spanish Explorer in central America, particularly Mexico, in the 16th century- Pizzaro: Spanish explorer who conquered the Incas in Peru in the 16th century and established Spanish dominance here.o All brought back culture and foods with them1Underlined topics are the key terms from Professor Lewis given in class.HFT2890 STUDY GUIDE 2 10/31/2011 1:54:41 PM- Spain lost most of its power after the Armada was defeated when it attacked England in 1588. After this Spain was seen as a pawn for much of the 17th and 18th centuries, and lost control of Portugal and many of its other colonies after 1668.The Inquisition: time when Spain required non-Catholics to convert or leave the country; torture was sometimes part of the imprisonment process in Spain, Peru and Portugal.- Ferdinand and Isabella: forced people even in South American countries to comply with Catholicism or suffer their torture. Was cause for them to lose many bright and creative civilians,resulting in a lack of intelligence in their society- Jews: forced to leave the country, endure torture, or convert to Catholicism.- Moors: Islamic, MoroccanLanguages- Spain: Castilian- Portugal: PortugueseReligion: The dominant religion is still Catholicism in both Spain and Portugal. - The only remnants of the Moors are their mosques throughout Spain and Portugal. - The most amazing of these is in Cordoba, it is a Mosque built in 758CE that has been modified several times and eventually had a Cathedral built within it. The Arts:- Artists:o Velasquez: paintero Murillo: paintero El Greco: painter, born in Crete but painted in Spain for most of his life after he moved there in his 30’s o Goya: painted during late 18th and 19th centuryo Picasso: 20th century, but did most of his work in France due to civil unrest in Spain o Miro: 20th century, but did most of his work in France due to civil unrest ino Cali: 20th century, but did most of his work in France due to civil unrest ino Gaudi: Architect, most known for his incomplete Cathedral of the Holy Family in Barcelona- Music:o Fado: distinctive Portuguese musical form of the blues sung to guitar accompaniment- Dance:o Flamenco : said to have come from the gypsy’s, 1500’s- Holidayso Christmas and Eastero Many local celebrations are held to honor the saints with parades and elaborate floats- Bullfighting is a big tradition in both Spain and Portugal and also the Bull run in PamplonaLiterature- Cervanteso Don Quixote: portrayal of human dignity and innate goodnessPortugal:- Simple Breakfast: cup of coffee with milk, or hot chocolate, and bread with jamo Milk it typically consumed in coffee or hot chocolate at this time and in the form of cheese at lunch and dinner, it is not considered a beverage to be had by itself.- Hearty lunch and Dinner (quite simple meals even though there is hearty food)o Pork and fish substantial (cod is the most important fish)o Peppers and onions2Underlined topics are the key terms from Professor Lewis given in class.HFT2890 STUDY GUIDE 2 10/31/2011 1:54:41 PMo Tomatoes and potatoeso Milk is part of the meal not a beverage (like in cheese)- Bachalhau: salted dried cod, combined with greens, veggies and seasonings - Chorizo: sausage flavored with paprika and chilies that may be seasoned to be picante (hot) or dulce (sweet)- Flan: baked custard dessert, usually containing caramel in both Spain and PortugalSpain- More elaborate- Churro: fried quick bread similar to a doughnut, but extruded into a fluted thick stick before frying. Was introduced to the Caribbean and Latin America and is still popular- Paella: mixture of seafood and meats, saffron rice (yellow, but very expensive), and vegetables- Cocido: stew consisting of 3 traditional parts (soup, cooked veggies, and boiled meats) with specific ingredients varying- Saffron: orange to yellow spice; the sigma of purple crocus; adds color and flavor to dishes- Tapas: small plate of tidbits of food designed for nibbling while having a drink in the late afternoon or early evening- Sangria: red wine blended with fruit juices, a part of every meal in Spain, except breakfast- Gazpacho: chilled soup traditional in Spain; made with many chopped veggies plus beef or chicken stock, red wine, vinegar, and olive oil, with a tomato base- Basques: live in the Pyrenees Mountains near the bay of Biscay ; some are seeking independence from Spain o Basque foods : sheep products (sheep cheese) their known for good foodo Marmitako: stew made with tuna and potatoeso Porrusalda: soup that has leeks and potatoeso Bascalado al


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FSU HFT 2890 - Chapter 10 The Iberian Peninsula

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