HFT2890 STUDY GUIDE 2 10 31 2011 1 54 41 PM Chapter 10 The Iberian Peninsula Geographic Overview Spain and Portugal o Cut off from the rest of Europe because of the Pyrenees Mountain Range Isolation Allows them to be neutral during wars especially WWI and II o Invasions by Germany Rome and Moors o A lot of spices especially Moroccan o When the Moors invaded they became Islamic Then a big push for Catholicism with Franz Ferdinand Still the main religion The Atlantic ocean washes the western shores of Portugal and Spain Meseta in the center of Spain it is a high central plain Agriculture Olive groves thrive in Spain Good wheat production and some rice Big olive oil industry only Atlantic Ocean History and Culture Foreign influences o But they must irrigate for their rice and it is not an export it is made for the country Madeira Wine sweet fruity wines produced on Madeira a Portuguese island in the North o Moors Islamic invaders from North Africa morocco o El Cid Military fighter When he finished his reign Isabella and Ferdinand took over and became a Fought both for the Spaniards and for the Moors Catholic country Best known for freeing Valencia Exploring and Colonizing Caravels sailboats from the 15th century used to go to the Northern Africa Very fast o Book definition Sturdy vessels with lateen sails triangular sails extended on a spar and flying from a rather low mast Magellan Portuguese leader who sponsored voyages of exploration aboard Portuguese navigator who led the first circumnavigation of the world from 1519 to Prince Henry the Navigator caravels to very distant places 1522 but died in the Philippines during the trip Bartholomew Diaz tip of Africa in 1488 Vasco De Gama Cortes Pizzaro Spanish explorer who conquered the Incas in Peru in the 16th century and established Spanish dominance here Spanish Explorer in central America particularly Mexico in the 16th century Portuguese navigator who opened the trade routes to India in 1498 and 1502 Portuguese navigator who sailed around the Cape of Good Hope southern o All brought back culture and foods with them 1 Underlined topics are the key terms from Professor Lewis given in class HFT2890 STUDY GUIDE 2 10 31 2011 1 54 41 PM Spain lost most of its power after the Armada was defeated when it attacked England in 1588 After this Spain was seen as a pawn for much of the 17th and 18th centuries and lost control of Portugal and many of its other colonies after 1668 The Inquisition time when Spain required non Catholics to convert or leave the country torture was sometimes part of the imprisonment process in Spain Peru and Portugal Ferdinand and Isabella forced people even in South American countries to comply with Catholicism or suffer their torture Was cause for them to lose many bright and creative civilians resulting in a lack of intelligence in their society Jews forced to leave the country endure torture or convert to Catholicism Moors Islamic Moroccan Languages Spain Castilian Portugal Portuguese The Arts Artists Religion The dominant religion is still Catholicism in both Spain and Portugal The only remnants of the Moors are their mosques throughout Spain and Portugal The most amazing of these is in Cordoba it is a Mosque built in 758CE that has been modified several times and eventually had a Cathedral built within it o Velasquez painter o Murillo painter o El Greco painter born in Crete but painted in Spain for most of his life after he moved there in his 30 s o Goya painted during late 18th and 19th century o Picasso 20th century but did most of his work in France due to civil unrest in Spain o Miro 20th century but did most of his work in France due to civil unrest in o Cali 20th century but did most of his work in France due to civil unrest in o Gaudi Architect most known for his incomplete Cathedral of the Holy Family in o Fado distinctive Portuguese musical form of the blues sung to guitar accompaniment o Flamenco said to have come from the gypsy s 1500 s o Christmas and Easter o Many local celebrations are held to honor the saints with parades and elaborate floats Bullfighting is a big tradition in both Spain and Portugal and also the Bull run in Pamplona Barcelona Music Dance Holidays Cervantes Literature Portugal o Don Quixote portrayal of human dignity and innate goodness Simple Breakfast cup of coffee with milk or hot chocolate and bread with jam o Milk it typically consumed in coffee or hot chocolate at this time and in the form of cheese at lunch and dinner it is not considered a beverage to be had by itself Hearty lunch and Dinner quite simple meals even though there is hearty food o Pork and fish substantial cod is the most important fish o Peppers and onions 2 Underlined topics are the key terms from Professor Lewis given in class HFT2890 STUDY GUIDE 2 10 31 2011 1 54 41 PM o Tomatoes and potatoes o Milk is part of the meal not a beverage like in cheese Bachalhau salted dried cod combined with greens veggies and seasonings Chorizo sausage flavored with paprika and chilies that may be seasoned to be picante hot or dulce sweet Flan baked custard dessert usually containing caramel in both Spain and Portugal Spain More elaborate Churro fried quick bread similar to a doughnut but extruded into a fluted thick stick before frying Was introduced to the Caribbean and Latin America and is still popular Paella mixture of seafood and meats saffron rice yellow but very expensive and vegetables Cocido stew consisting of 3 traditional parts soup cooked veggies and boiled meats with specific ingredients varying Saffron orange to yellow spice the sigma of purple crocus adds color and flavor to dishes Tapas small plate of tidbits of food designed for nibbling while having a drink in the late afternoon or early evening Sangria red wine blended with fruit juices a part of every meal in Spain except breakfast Gazpacho chilled soup traditional in Spain made with many chopped veggies plus beef or chicken stock red wine vinegar and olive oil with a tomato base Basques live in the Pyrenees Mountains near the bay of Biscay some are seeking independence from Spain o Basque foods o Marmitako stew made with tuna and potatoes o Porrusalda soup that has leeks and potatoes o Bascalado al Pil Pil dish made with salt cod served in garlic sauce Chapter 11 Greece Turkey and the Levant sheep products sheep cheese their known for good food The Levant refers to the rising sun in the East in French Geographic Overview Greece physically part of
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