HFT2890 STUDY GUIDE 9 27 2011 11 40 08 PM Chapter 1 Chef Salad Melting Pot Food Origins Food Habits Geographical along the coast more likely to have seafood Cultural Americans would not have horse Historical The immediate environment was early man s source of food Now with air travel that is different o o Fast food Seems to affect the obesity rate in America Smoking Meats Agricultural Developments 12 000 BCE Grindstones used to make flour in upper Egypt and NUbia 10 000BCE Wild Emmer wheat was harvested in Palenstine 9 000 BCE Einkorn type of Wheat eaten in Syria 8 000 BCE Wheat Barley and pulses legumes cultivated in Jerico 7 000 BCE Goats and pigs were domesticated 6 000 BCE Farming in China and Mesopotamia 5 000 BCE Wet rice in China and Maize in Mexico 4 500 BCE Cattle used for plowing in the lower Danube 3 500 BCE Animals for milk and wool in Europe Plow introduced 3 000 BCE Millet in Korea Influencing Determining Diets Geography o o Environmental Factors o Water Dessert Growing Conditions Trade Overland routes silk Route Sea Routes around Africa Emerging Routes Africa o New World o Food Origins and Destination Europe to North America o Cabbage and Onions Central America to Europe o o o Chocolate Sweet potato Tomato Southeast Asia to Europe Spices China to Europe o o o Rice Tea East Africa to Europe Coffee Today s Food Scene Populations at Risk for famine Several African Nations o o Great plains are less likely to have seafood more likely for vegetables and grain Coasts are likely to have seafood Maine lobster Irrigation has existed for thousands of years in the Nile Valley o o Growing Conditions Four seasons one season Florida Archaeologists have identified some foods preserved at some archaeological sites 1 HFT2890 STUDY GUIDE 9 27 2011 11 40 08 PM o o Bangladesh North Korea Drought s cause food insecurity in Ethiopia and other nations Chapter 4 British Isles Geographical Overview Larger Island o Scotland England Sheep o Wales Sheep Smaller Island Northern Ireland Ireland Sheep History and Culture o o o Cattle are the predominant species Cheddar Stilton and Cheshire cheeses Mutton Stonehenge 1700 BCE remarkable circle of huge stones Apparently for some form of worship still stand s to the south of London Hadrian s Wall was built to separate England s Brigantes from the lowland Novante and Selgovae Can be seen from Chester and on to York today Monarchy has been present since the 11th century Empire today it still includes Canada Newfoundland New Zealand Australia South Africa and Ireland Food Patterns There are differences in patterns base on class distincition Breakfast o Upper class oatmeal porridge with bacon or kippers eggs fried bread and grilled tomato Orange marmalade for the bread and hot teas with milk Lower class bread and meat or cheese hot tea with milk UC beef roast or Mutton Yorkshire pudding oven roasted potatoes and horseradish sauce overcooked veggies o Lunch o o WC fish and chips Afternoon tea Typical of UC o Dinner o England Country Distinction Not much importance put on this meal in England Steak and Kidney pie Shepherd s pie Cornish Pastries o o o o Mulligatawny curry based with chicken or lamb reflect impact of India o o Scotland o Toad in the hole sausages cooked in a quick bread batter Sally Lunn light yeast bread baked in a tubular pan sliced in half and then topped with whipped cream or melted butter o o o Haggis traditional pudding of oatmeal variety meats suet onions and seasonings boiled in a sheep s stomach Often served at dinner to honor Robert Burns Blood Pudding sausage made of toasted oatmeal blood onions and seasonings Finnan Haddie smoked haddock poached in milk served on a bed of onions Kippers herring prepared in the traditional Scottish way of splitting them and then salting drying and smoking them to preserve them Cockaleekie Soup chicken barley and leeks Bannocks Large pancackes made with oat instead of flour Shortbread very rich buttery cookie biscuit often rolled into a circle and cut into wedges before baking Cawl welsh name for soup or one dish meal usually has cabbage leeks and bacon and some other ingredients laying around o o o Wales o 2 HFT2890 STUDY GUIDE 9 27 2011 11 40 08 PM Laverbread Jelly like mass from boiling a specific seaweed that is harvested along the coast of Wales Pikelets small pancakes served at tea Also served in Scotland o o o Welsh rarebit a sauce typically made of beer and cheddar cheese served over toast or bread as a main dish Ireland o o o Irish Stew lamb cubes potatoes onions leeks cabbage and or other veggies Often served with some red cabbage Irish Soda Bread round loaf of bread leavened by carbon dioxide produced from buttermilk and soa ingredients in the dough Corned Beef and Cabbage Isolated from the European Continent Pubs exist throughout the area Palaces a heritage from the past Holidays Christmas o Wassail traditional spiced wine or ale drink served at Xmas o Plum Pudding dense steamed pudding containing some suet and generous amounts of dried and candied fruits served warm with a hard sauce and often flamed with brandy Celebrated Dec 26 to thank people who perform services or work during the year originally gifts or money were presented in a box hence the name Boxing Day o St Patrick s Day o To honor the patron saint of Ireland who brought Christianity to Ireland and is credited with driving away the snakes Chapter 5 Scandinavia Geographic Overview The lack of sunlight hours during the fall does prevent some psychological challenge to people who inhabit Scandinavia Denmark rapid growth of crops with the long summer days Sweden Far less precipitous than Norway o o Many lakes and forests Finland above the arctic circle o Midnight sun The Midsummer s Night Celebration o Most of the population lives in the southern point o Many lakes and forests Norway Fjords above the Arctic Circle o Dominated by mountains which causes many people to live by the sea because it is so difficult to live in the mountainous terrain Arrive in America well before Columbus but did not create stable settlements Attempted to take over Britain with the Danes and the Norwegians The Swedes and Finland turned to Russia and Constantinople Capstone Wiliiam of Normandy invaded England When Harold died at the Battle of Hastings William became known as William the Conqueror Alliances through war or marriage have aligned certain countries throughout the centuries Lutheran It was Catholicism until the 16th century with Martin
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