Chapter 14: Specialized Immunity at Epithelial Barrier and in Immune Privileged Tissues Table 14-1: Features of Regional Immunity (From Abbas, Lichtman and Pillai, 8th Edition; p. 290) Region Special Challenges Special Anatomic Structures Specialized Cells or Molecules: Functions Gastrointestinal tract Tolerance of food antigens Tolerance of commensal microbiota but responsive to rare pathogens Enormous surface area Tonsils Peyer’s patches, lamina, propria follicles Intestinal epithelial cells: mucus secretion M cells: luminal antigen sampling Paneth cells: defensin production Secretory IgA, IgM: neutralization of microbes in the lumen Dendritic cell subsets: luminal antigen sampling; lamina propria antigen sampling; T cell tolerance induction; effector T cell activation; induction of B cell IgA class switching; imprinting gut-homing phenotypes of B and T cells Respiratory system Exposure to mix of airborne pathogens and innocuous microbes and particles Tonsils Adenoids Ciliated respiratory epithelial cells: mucus and defensin production and movement of mucus with trapped microbes and particles out of airways Secretory IgA, IgM, IgG: neutralization of microbes outside epithelial barrier Cutaneous immune system Large surface area Keratinizing stratified squamous epithelial barrier Keratinocytes: keratin production, cytokine and defensin secretion Langerhans cells: epidermal antigen sampling Dendritic cell subsets: dermal antigen sampling; T cell tolerance induction; effector T cell activation; imprinting skin-homing phenotype of T cellsThe Intestinal Mucosa The Immune System – GI Tract Abbas, Lichtman and Pillai8_Figure 14-1B; p.291 Abbas, Lichtman and Pillai8_Figure 14-1A; p.291Innate immunity of the GI tract: Adaptive immunity of the GI tract: Abbas, Lichtman and Pillai8_Figure 14-2; p.293M (Microfold) Cells Antigen Sampling Abbas, Lichtman and Pillai8_Figure 14-3; p.295 Abbas, Lichtman and Pillai8_Figure 14-4; p.296Leukocyte recruitment to the lamina propria of the gut Abbas, Lichtman and Pillai8_Figure 14-5; p.297Humoral immunity in the gut T-Dependent Isotype Switching Abbas, Lichtman and Pillai8_Figure 14-7A; p.299T-Independent Isotype Switching Transcytosis Abbas, Lichtman and Pillai8_Figure 14-7B; p.299 Abbas, Lichtman and Pillai8_Figure 14-8; p.300The Immune System – The Skin Abbas, Lichtman and Pillai8_Figure 14-9; p.306Diseases of the skin Psoriasis – Atopic dermatitis – Immune privileged
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