Organizational Behavior, 16e (Robbins/Judge)Chapter 16 Organizational Culture1) Manuel is a manager for a manufacturing company in which managers are expected to fully document all decisions and in which it is important to provide detailed data to support any recommendations. Also, out-of-the-box thinking is dissuaded. Which characteristic of organizational culture describes this aspect of Manuel's job?A) low team orientationB) high aggressivenessC) low risk takingD) low outcome orientationE) high people orientationAnswer: CExplanation: C) Innovation and risk taking describes the degree to which employees are encouraged to be innovative and take risks. Manuel's company wants full research and documentation, seems reluctant to take risks, and is a low risk-taking culture.LO: 1AACSB: Analytic SkillsDifficulty: HardQuest. Category: ApplicationLearning Outcome: Describe best practices for creating and sustaining organizational cultures2) Danny's boss is apathetic as to whether Danny works at home, at the office, or from his beach house. All he cares about is that the project is completed on time, on budget, and with exemplary quality. Which characteristic of organizational culture describes this aspect of Danny's job?A) low risk takingB) high outcome orientationC) high attention to detailD) low aggressivenessE) high stabilityAnswer: BExplanation: B) Outcome orientation is the organizational culture characteristic that describes the degree to which management focuses on results or outcomes rather than on the techniques and processes used to achieve them. Danny's boss has a high focus on outcome.LO: 1AACSB: Analytic SkillsDifficulty: HardQuest. Category: ApplicationLearning Outcome: Describe best practices for creating and sustaining organizational cultures1Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.3) Which of the following characteristics of an organization's culture indicates the degree to which management decisions take into consideration the effect of outcomes on employees withinthe organization?A) attention to detailB) outcome orientationC) team orientationD) people orientationE) stabilityAnswer: DExplanation: D) People orientation indicates the degree to which management decisions take into consideration the effect of outcomes on people within the organization.LO: 1Difficulty: EasyQuest. Category: ConceptLearning Outcome: Describe best practices for creating and sustaining organizational cultures4) Stability is one of the seven primary characteristics that capture the essence of an organization's culture. It indicates the degree to which ________.A) employees are encouraged to be innovative and take risksB) management focuses on results or outcomes rather than on the techniques and processes used to achieve themC) management decisions take into consideration the effect of outcomes on people within the organizationD) work activities are organized around teams rather than individualsE) organizational activities emphasize maintaining the status quo in contrast to growthAnswer: EExplanation: E) Stability indicates the degree to which organizational activities emphasize maintaining the status quo in contrast to growth.LO: 1Difficulty: ModerateQuest. Category: ConceptLearning Outcome: Describe best practices for creating and sustaining organizational cultures5) The key characteristic of organizational culture that addresses the degree to which people are competitive rather than easygoing is termed ________.A) assertivenessB) team orientationC) aversenessD) risk takingE) aggressivenessAnswer: EExplanation: E) Aggressiveness describes the degree to which people are aggressive and competitive rather than easygoing.LO: 1Difficulty: EasyQuest. Category: ConceptLearning Outcome: Describe best practices for creating and sustaining organizational cultures2Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.6) Which of the following statements best describes the difference between organizational culture and job satisfaction?A) Job satisfaction depends upon the level of "power distance" in the country, but organizational culture does not.B) Organizational culture is static, whereas job satisfaction is dynamic.C) Job satisfaction is immeasurable, whereas organizational culture is measurable.D) Organizational culture is descriptive, whereas job satisfaction is evaluative.E) Job satisfaction depends on the structure of the organization, but organizational culture does not.Answer: DExplanation: D) The concept of organizational culture is concerned with how employees perceive the characteristics of an organization's culture, not whether they like them, and is therefore a descriptive term. On the other hand, the concept of job satisfaction seeks to measure how employees feel about the organization's expectations and reward practices and therefore is an evaluative term.LO: 1Difficulty: ModerateQuest. Category: ConceptLearning Outcome: Describe best practices for creating and sustaining organizational cultures7) Porco Rosso, an aircraft manufacturer with a strong presence in the United States, is looking to expand its market overseas. The firm currently sells its aircraft to several airlines in the UnitedKingdom but now wants to establish manufacturing units there as well in order to acquire a bigger share in the European market. Hence, it plans to merge with QueenAir, a British aircraft manufacturer. Which of the following, if true, would weaken the company's decision to merge with QueenAir?A) Merging with QueenAir would increase its profits considerably.B) There is increasing economic uncertainty in its U.S. market.C) The preferences of airline customers in Europe and the U.S. are similar.D) There is a striking difference in the organizational cultures of the two firms.E) A competitor in the U.S. market recently went out of business.Answer: DExplanation: D) As merging with QueenAir would increase the firm's profits, it strengthens the firm's decision. So does the economic uncertainty in the U.S. market and the customers' preferences. The fact that a competitor in the U.S. market recently went out of business is irrelevant. As the two merging firms have different organizational cultures, it may lead to variousproblems in the future. Hence, it weakens the firm's decision.LO: 1AACSB: Reflective ThinkingDifficulty: HardQuest. Category: Critical ThinkingLearning Outcome: Describe best practices for creating and sustaining organizational cultures3Copyright © 2015