Organizational Behavior, 16e (Robbins/Judge)Chapter 6 Perception and Individual Decision Making1) ________ is the process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressionsin order to give meaning to their environment.A) SensationB) ImpressionC) ApprehensionD) AttributionE) PerceptionAnswer: EExplanation: E) Perception is defined as a process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment. People's behavior is based on their perception of what reality is, and not on reality itself. What a person perceives canbe substantially different from objective reality.LO: 1Difficulty: EasyQuest. Category: ConceptLearning Outcome: Apply the study of perception and attribution to the workplace2) Which of the following statements is true regarding perception?A) Perception of reality is independent of one's personality.B) Our perception of a target is not affected by the context of the situation in which the perception is made.C) Our perception of reality can be different from the objective reality.D) Our perception of reality is independent of our past experiences.E) We form a perception of a target by looking at it in isolation.Answer: CExplanation: C) Our perception of reality can be different from the objective reality. Our perception of reality is affected by our personality, past experiences, and the context of the situation in which the perception is made. We do not look at targets in isolation.LO: 1Difficulty: EasyQuest. Category: ConceptLearning Outcome: Apply the study of perception and attribution to the workplace1Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.3) When two people witness something at the same time and in the same situation yet interpret it differently, factors that operate to shape their perceptions reside in the ________.A) perceiversB) targetC) timingD) contextE) situationAnswer: AExplanation: A) Since the time and situation are the same, the factors that operate to shape perception must be in the perceivers themselves. Personal characteristics that can affect perception include perceiver attitudes, personality, motives, interests, past experiences, and expectations.LO: 1Difficulty: EasyQuest. Category: ConceptLearning Outcome: Apply the study of perception and attribution to the workplace4) David Myers is of the opinion that people who drive SUVs are rash drivers. He feels that people driving SUVs do not respect road rules and always violate traffic regulations. What personal factor is most likely to be affecting Myers' perception of SUV drivers?A) his financial backgroundB) his expectationsC) his interestD) his motiveE) his personalityAnswer: BExplanation: B) Myers expects all SUV drivers to be dangerous. His expectations are what colorhis perception. The example doesn't explain why he expects this, although it could be from a previous bad experience.LO: 1AACSB: Analytic SkillsDifficulty: ModerateQuest. Category: ApplicationLearning Outcome: Apply the study of perception and attribution to the workplace2Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.5) Extremely attractive or unattractive individuals are most likely to be noticed in a group. Which of the following statements best describes the reason behind this?A) Our perception of reality depends on our past experiences.B) Our perception of reality depends on our personality.C) We don't look at targets in isolation.D) The time at which we see an object can influence our perception of the object.E) Our motives and expectations affect our perception of a target.Answer: CExplanation: C) Characteristics of the target we observe can affect what we perceive. Loud people are more likely to be noticed in a group than quiet ones. So, too, are extremely attractive or unattractive individuals. Because we don't look at targets in isolation, the relationship of a target to its background influences our perception of the target.LO: 1Difficulty: ModerateQuest. Category: ConceptLearning Outcome: Apply the study of perception and attribution to the workplace6) During team meetings Amber Downing always notices that Rhona Law tends to ask innumerable questions and suggest ideas at each discussion. However, Law stands out in the meetings only because she is the only one making suggestions. If both of them were part of team meetings where almost all members made suggestions and asked questions, Law would not have drawn as much attention from Downing. Which of the following factors has most likely influenced Downing's perception of Law?A) expectationB) interestC) past experienceD) contextE) motiveAnswer: DExplanation: D) A number of factors operate to shape and sometimes distort perception. These factors can reside in the perceiver, in the object or target being perceived, or in the context of the situation in which the perception is made.LO: 1AACSB: Analytic SkillsDifficulty: ModerateQuest. Category: ApplicationLearning Outcome: Apply the study of perception and attribution to the workplace3Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.7) Monica Walden feels that people who use plastic bags are insensitive toward the environment. She believes that people have a certain obligation toward their environment and should take it upon themselves to protect and preserve it. Which of the following factors has most likely influenced Walden's perception of plastic bag users?A) locationB) timeC) characteristic of the targetD) expectationE) contextAnswer: DExplanation: D) A number of factors operate to shape and sometimes distort perception. These factors can reside in the perceiver, in the object or target being perceived, or in the context of the situation in which the perception is made.LO: 1AACSB: Analytic SkillsDifficulty: ModerateQuest. Category: ApplicationLearning Outcome: Apply the study of perception and attribution to the workplace8) Which of the following is a factor present in a target which may affect a person's perception?A) attitudeB) motiveC) interestD) noveltyE) experienceAnswer: DExplanation: D) Factors present in a target which may affect perception are novelty, motion, sound, size, background, proximity, and similarity.LO: 1Difficulty: EasyQuest. Category: ConceptLearning Outcome: Apply the study of perception and attribution to the workplace9) Which of the following is a factor present in a situation which may affect a person's perception?A) similarityB) sizeC) expectationD) timeE) experienceAnswer: