LINGUIS 100 1st Edition Lecture 19 How to Carry Out Linguistic StudiesVariation in Sociolects-Dialects based off of socio-economic status-How to read graphs related to this a. In any academic subject you are looking at that contains data, how to organize and look at a graph is very useful, so that you can look at it quickly and realize whether or not it is worth looking at i. Genderii. Socio-Economic statusiii. ethnicityiv. Educationv. Ageb. Any time we look at data we need to isolate as much as we can so that we can determine which part is influencing someone’s speechc. For example:i. You cannot just look at someone’s income, because that doesn’t tell you enough about someone’s socio-economic statusii. We have to look at social network, education, ethnicity, and a number of other things that will all influence how we carry our a linguistic studyiii. How are we differing from stereotypes to linguistic datad. They way someone talksi. This changed throughout the day depending on a number of factors as well1. How formal would you be if you were talking to the doctor versus if you were talking to your friend2. *formality and familiarity are not the same thing* 3. Also when you are under the influence of alcohol can change the way you are speakinge. Register- using language appropriate for a specific context i. What are you doing today?1. “I’m going window shopping.”2. “I goin’ shoppin’.”3. I’m goin’ bummin’.”4. “I’m gonna snoop and poop.”ii. Jargon- calibrator, disk, pads, drum, shoe, master cylinder (these are technical terms that a mechanic would talk about, but if you needed to explain this to someone who doesn’t know the specific parts of a car, they could say something like, “I need to fix yourbrakes,”These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.iii. Slang- unstable words that come and go like: phat, groovey, sqaure, nob, lame, psych 1. Not time stablef. Grammari. G- dropping in words that end in -ing ii. park versus pahk (this is r- dropping, and is always after a vowel. It is never going to be atthe start of a word)iii. h-dropping like in Harry Potter 1. Also t- dropping at the end of Potter 2. Replacing it with a different nasal; so we haven’t actually gotten rid of the soundin some cases, but have just replaced it with something similar like the glottal stop that we get when we don’t pronounce the end of the word Potter g. Double Negativesi. What happens when you have more than two negatives in one sentence, but it is more than double -negative concordh. One of the very first studies done to show the differences between this- NYC r-droppingi. Went to three different stores in NYC- Saks on 5th avenue, Macy’s, and S. Klein (similar to K-mart)ii. He was listening if the people in these stores were dropping their r’s in asking them about the fourth flooriii. % of