Grade Buddy PSYCH 111 1st Edition Lecture 16 Outline of Last Lecture I Developmental Psychology II Perceptual Development Outline of Current Lecture I Piaget s Stages of Cognitive Development II Language and Grammar Development Current Lecture I Piaget s Stages of Development The scientist and psychologist Piaget studied and developed 4 concrete stages of development in humans beings spanning infancy to adulthood The first of these stages is the sensorimotor stage which spans from birth to 2 years of age This stage is described as blooming buzzing confusion This is when object permanence is developed including the simple hiding problem which develops from birth to 6 months This is the infants ability to find objects that were hidden very simply such as under a towel right in front of him The changed hiding place problem is developed from 6 to 8 months of age and is where two hiding spots are placed in front of the infant The invisible displacement problem is developed from 8 months to 18 months of age The second of Piaget s stages is the pre operational stage which lasts from 2 to 7 years of age This stage is where symbolic thought conservation and egocentrism are developed in children Concrete operations is the third stage and lasts from 7 to 13 years of age This is where seriation and transitivity are developed Inductive logic as well as concrete math and language functions are developed also Formal operations is the fourth of Piaget s stages and lasts from 13 years of age through to adulthood This is where hypothetical and abstract thinking are developed as well as abstract math and language skills and deductive logic Scientific thinking is the most important function developed in this stage Currently Piaget s stages still These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute appear to be correct however the rate of maturation appears to be faster than Piaget originally proposed II Language and Grammar Development There are two different theories of how language is developed in humans The first is Skinner s Reinforcement Theory which is the theory that reinforcement and behavioral conditioning will develop language in children The second is Chomsky s Generative Transformational Theory which was the idea that children use transformation sounds and words to create new sentences and develop grammar There are several language milestones in infants the first being 2 3 months of age which is cooing From 4 to 6 months babbling is developed At 12 months the infant is saying its first words Finally at 18 months the child has a dramatic increase in vocabulary and speaking The first stage of grammar development is where telegraphic speech is developed Content words are prominent throughout this stage The second stage is where function words are developed by the child Common grammatical errors include over regularization over extension and under extension Motherese is the term for how parents speak to their children They use simple vocabulary and well formed sentences as well as many repetitions a high pitched voice and a slow rate of speech