Grade Buddy PSYCH 111 1st Edition Lecture 10Outline of Last Lecture I. The Nervous SystemII. The Spinal CordIII. The BrainOutline of Current LectureI. MotivationII. SleepCurrent LectureI. MotivationMotivation deals with regulatory drives, which are homeostatic mecha-nisms. These mechanisms control your desire for food, water, sleep, and sex, which is a non regulatory drive. The hypothalamus is the central drive system of the body, and uses negative feedback loops to control the drive. Afferent connections send directions from sensory neurons regarding drives to other ares of the body. Efferent connections send directions to motor neu-rons to organize response to states of the body. The lateral hypothalamus is where activity motivates drive related behavior. The ventromedial hypothal-amus is where activity leads to satiety. The loop goes hungry-lateral hypo-thalamus-eat-ventromedial hypothalamus-satiation.II. SleepThere are 5 main stages in a sleep cycle. The first stage is the transi-tion from wakefulness to sleep. Each stage following the first stage is a grad-ually deeper form of sleep. Most of the REM, or rapid-eye-movement, sleep occurs during the last stages of sleep, and it increases more each stage. An electroencephalogram measures brain waves during sleep in the human body. Beta waves are fast, irregular waves that occur when someone is awake with their eyes focused. They are high frequency, low altitude waves. Alpha waves are larger, more regular waves that occur when someone is awake with their eyes shut. They are low frequency, high amplitude waves. These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Theta waves occur during stage 1 and stage 2 of sleep. During stage 1, theyre low amplitude, high frequency waves, and during stage 2, sleep spindles and k complexes occur. Delta waves are slow, regular waves that occur dur-ing deep sleep. Sleep cycles last approximately 90 minutes per cycle. Thus, the aver-age person has 4 or 5 sleep cycles per 8 to 9 hours of sleep a night. The most deep sleep occurs in the 1st and 2nd cycles of sleep. The most REM sleep occurs during the later cycles of sleep. The majority of deep sleep oc-curs in cycles. The function of sleep is to restore energy and functionality to the body. This is proven due to strenuous exercise leading to greater amounts of deep sleep. The purpose of dreaming is to develop memory per-ception and remembrance during
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