Review Sheet Chapter 8 Axial skeleton vertebral column 1 Be able to name identify recognize any bone of the axial skeleton 2 What is the function of the axial skeleton 3 How many vertebrae make up the vertebral column total per region 4 What are the regions of the vertebral column How can you differentiate between vertebrae of each region Be able to recognize these and identify their region and their parts 5 What is the function of the vertebral column 6 How many vertebrae fuse to create the sacrum 7 How many vertebrae fuse to create the coccyx 8 Be able to label a typical vertebra including body pedicle vertebral foramen vertebral arch lamina transverse process spinous process articular processes facets 9 What is the function of the vertebral arch What are the two regions of the vertebral arch 10 Which part of the vertebra does the spinal cord pass through 11 What is the function of the spinous process and transverse processes 12 What is the function of the articular processes and facets 13 Be able to recognize a picture of the atlas axis and vertebrae from the following regions cervical thoracic lumbar sacral and coccyx so know the distinctive markings of each type 14 Be able to differentiate between superior and inferior articular processes and facets 15 Be able to orient a vertebra so that the spinous process points dorsally and the superior articular facet is directed upwards 16 What is the key feature found in cervical vertebrae that help in identification of these 17 How many cervical vertebrae are there 18 What is the job of the transverse foramen 19 What is the term for the 1st cervical vertebra What is unusual about its shape What does it articulate with on the skull What movement does it allow 20 What is the term for the 2nd cervical vertebra What is unusual in its shape What is the role of the dens what movement does it allow 21 How many thoracic vertebrae are there What structure or structures are the rib facets found on Why would the spinous processes be long 22 How many lumbar vertebrae are there How do these differ structurally from the thoracic vertebrae Do lumbar vertebrae have transverse processes 23 What vertebrae form the tail bones 24 Why do vertebrae become larger moving from cervical to lumbar 25 What is the functional utility of curves in the spine 26 Differentiate between scoliosis lordosis and kyphosis which part of the spinal column is affected why it happens 27 What is the job of the ligaments around the vertebrae 28 What is the job of the intervertebral discs 29 What is the nucleus pulposus 30 What is the annulus fibrosus 31 What structures are included in the thoracic cage 32 What is the job of the thoracic cage list all of them 33 Identify parts and landmarks of the sternum including jugular notch 34 Differentiate between true ribs false ribs and floating ribs and how many of each 35 What is the function of the rib cage Why is there so much cartilage 36 Know the parts of the rib and where the head and the tubercle articulate
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