Cerebrum (telencephalon)LobesFrontal lobeTemporal lobeParietal lobeOccipital lobeGyrus- hillsSulci- valleysLongitudinal fissure-separates right from left hemisphereSeparates the occipital love into twoCentral sulcus- separates frontal from parietal bonePre central gyrus anteriorPost central gyrus posteriorDiencephalaonWhite matter4 ventriclesBrain StemThalamusNuclei within itRelay station for sensoryCoordinates motor activityIntegrates sensory and motor pathwaysHypothalamus- know all of functionsAll connected to pituitary glandMidbrain- mesencephalonSubstantia nigraRegulates activity in the basal nuceliPonsMedulla (oblongata)Meninges- covers the CNS (over brain and spinal cord)Dura mater- tough motherOuter covering most superficialEndosteal layer (dura mater)Falx cerebri- attaches to cristi galle to tentorial cerebeliTentortium cerebelliFalx cerebelli-Diaphragma sellaeDural sinusStraight sinus*There are a bunch collect blood from the brainMeningeal layer (dura mater)Folds of dura mater stabilize position of the brainArachnoid- a spider like filmOuter covering middle but lays over the gyri and sulciPia mater- soft motherFollows the brain tissue so follows the gyri and sulciSuperficial to deep in brainBone- epidural space (potential)DuraEndosteal layerSinus- venous bloodMeningeal layerSubdural space- where blood collectArachnoidSub arachnoid space (cerebrospinal fluid)CSF ventriclesCSF goes all the way into the sulciPiaBrainBlood brain barrierIsolates brain tissue from general circulationAstrocytesIntact through the CNSDoes not allow for any more than exchange of glucose, O2 and CO2Primary functional areas of cerebral cortexFrontal lobePrimary motor cortex- conscious control of skeletal musclePre-central gyrusParietal lobePrimary sensory cortex- conscious perception of sensationPost-central gyrusTough pressure vibration pain temperature and tasteOccipital lobeConscious perception of VisionTemporalConscious perception of Olfactory and smellCorpus callosum- connects the hemispheres of the brainHomunculusSomatotopic localizationSpecific parts of the brain that connect to different parts of the bodyParts of the BrainBroca’s area- Speech centerMotorRegulates normal speechIf damaged cannot talkCan understand but cannot talkGnostic area- general interpretative areaSensoryUnderstand what is heardCan talk but not in relationship to what is saidBasal Nuclei- nucleus ofCaudate nucleusPutamenGlobus pallidus- deepFunctionControl of muscle toneCoordination of learned muscle moventsCerebellumCh 13 and 14 Nervous System 02/23/2010Cerebrum (telencephalon)-LobesoFrontal lobeoTemporal lobeoParietal lobeoOccipital lobe-Gyrus- hills-Sulci- valleys-Longitudinal fissure- oseparates right from left hemisphereoSeparates the occipital love into two-Central sulcus- separates frontal from parietal boneoPre central gyrus anterioroPost central gyrus posteriorDiencephalaon-White matter-4 ventriclesBrain Stem-ThalamusoNuclei within itoRelay station for sensoryoCoordinates motor activity oIntegrates sensory and motor pathways-Hypothalamus- know all of functionsoAll connected to pituitary gland-Midbrain- mesencephalonoSubstantia nigraRegulates activity in the basal nuceli-Pons-Medulla (oblongata) Meninges- covers the CNS (over brain and spinal cord)-Dura mater- tough motheroOuter covering most superficialEndosteal layer (dura mater)Falx cerebri- attaches to cristi galle to tentorial cerebeliTentortium cerebelliFalx cerebelli-Diaphragma sellaeoDural sinusStraight sinus*There are a bunch collect blood from the brainoMeningeal layer (dura mater)oFolds of dura mater stabilize position of the brain-Arachnoid- a spider like filmoOuter covering middle but lays over the gyri and sulci-Pia mater- soft motheroFollows the brain tissue so follows the gyri and sulciSuperficial to deep in brain-Bone- epidural space (potential)-DuraoEndosteal layeroSinus- venous bloodoMeningeal layer-Subdural space- where blood collect-ArachnoidoSub arachnoid space (cerebrospinal fluid)CSF ventricles CSF goes all the way into the sulci-Pia-Brain Blood brain barrier-Isolates brain tissue from general circulation-Astrocytes-Intact through the CNS-Does not allow for any more than exchange of glucose, O2 and CO2Primary functional areas of cerebral cortex-Frontal lobeoPrimary motor cortex- conscious control of skeletal muscleoPre-central gyrus-Parietal lobeoPrimary sensory cortex- conscious perception of sensationoPost-central gyrusoTough pressure vibration pain temperature and taste-Occipital lobeoConscious perception of Vision-TemporaloConscious perception of Olfactory and smellCorpus callosum- connects the hemispheres of the brainHomunculus-Somatotopic localization-Specific parts of the brain that connect to different parts of the bodyParts of the Brain-Broca’s area- Speech centeroMotoroRegulates normal speechoIf damaged cannot talkoCan understand but cannot talk-Gnostic area- general interpretative areaoSensoryoUnderstand what is heardoCan talk but not in relationship to what is saidBasal Nuclei- nucleus of -Caudate nucleus-Putamen-Globus pallidus- deep-FunctionoControl of muscle toneoCoordination of learned muscle