Review Sheet Chapter 9 Joints and Movement 1. What are the two functions of joints? 2. In order to achieve movement, how must skeletal muscles interact with joints? 3. Differentiate between synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis and diarthrosis and give/recognize examples of each. 4. Which joint type is the most movable? 5. Differentiate between fibrous, cartilaginous and synovial joints and give/recognize examples of each (know where each type is found). 6. Be able to name, recognize and identify a synovial joint AND list/explain its typical characteristics.7. Know the difference between a gliding joint, hinge joint, a pivot joint, a ball and socket joint (and the movements each allows). Be able to recognize/identify/name examples of each. (note that there are several other types described in your textbook. I only want these. ) 8. Structurally, what kind of a joint is the knee? Is the knee a pivot, ball and socket, or hinge joint? 9. What are the 4 ligaments that keep the knee from hyperextending? 10. What is the purpose of the bursa in the knee joint? 11. What is the purpose of the menisci in the knee joint?12. How do the superior and inferior compartments of the temporomandibular joint differ in their movements? 13. Anatomically, what causes the glenohumeral joint to be so much less stable than the hip joint? 14. In addition to a hinge joint, what other movement is possible at the elbow joint? 15. What is rheumatoid arthritis? What are the symptoms, how does it progress? 16. How is rheumatoid arthritis different from osteoarthritis in the knee? From Movements: 17: Know: gliding, flexion/extension, hyperextension (!), abduction/adduction, circumduction, rotation, elevation, depression, protraction, retraction, pronation/supination, opposition, inversion, eversion, dorsiflexion, plantar
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