Integumentary System Lecture Friday January 29th, 2010 at 4:30 p.m. in lecture 3Session on Bones Sunday January 31, 2010 at 1:00-3:15 in Room 300 third floor of the Medical SchoolLengthening of the bone at the diaphysisEpiphysis cannot increase in length but can increase in size and all of it becomes spongy boneMetaphysis- lengthensBones- 206 but most on both sides80 in axial skeleton126 in appendicular skeletonskull= cranial +facial+ associated boneslook at skull page on website KNOW them all!!Foramen do not need to know what goes through them but you need to know what bone they are inWill have diagrams on the test and not color coatedLateral aspectsphenoid bonegreater winglesser wingZygomatic archZygomatic bone- cheek boneTemporal boneSquamous part- with squamous sutureContinues onto the zygotmatic archMandibular fossaArticular tubular- joint between mandible and skull- prevents the mandible from going forward and getting dislocatedMastoid portion- behind earTempanic- External auditory meatus and external canalStyloid process many broken offFrontal aspectFrontal boneSuperior orbital foramenMaxilla- pushing onto the edge of the noseHole of the anterior nasal abtichure? (WTF?)Septum- perpendicular plate of the ethnoid boneConchaOrbit socketFrontal bone, zygotmatic bone, and maxilla bone surrounds itManidble- body and ramusMaxillaPalate- the hard palateMaxillary sinusWhere teeth are- aleovlar processLocated in the face, orbit, oral cavity, and nasal cavityPalatineLocated in oral cavity and nasal cavityPosterior to maxillaHorizontal platePull apart suture before ossified and crank on it in order to make more room in your mouth to keep them straightEthnoid BoneLocated in nasal cavity orbit and cranial cavityIn center of skullPerpendicular plate of the ethnoid- makes up nasal septumMiddle conchaSphenoid boneGreater wing- looks like bats wingsLesser winger on top of greater wingLocated in external-lateral nasal cavity, orbit, cranial cavityTemporalLook at above for parts but added to (5 total)Petrous part-External- lateral blah blah blahLateral view and frontal (comparing)MaxillaZygomaticTemporal only a littleFrontalEthmoid (as septum in frontal and in orbit as lateral)OrbitCone shaped with widest part on the outsideFrontal zygotmatic and maxilla make largest part of coneDeep laterally- sphenoid bone (greater and less wing)In less winger have a round opening for optic canalSuperior orbital fissure in the orbit found between the lesser and greater wingMedal- lesser wing, frontal, orbital plate of the ethmoid bone, and lacrimal boneInferiorMaxilla and palatineTemporalStyolid masto foramenOccipital boneForamen magnum- where brain stem becomes continues with spinal cordBetween occipital bone and temporal bone- jugular foramenHow venous blood goes back to the heartMore rounded opening- carotid canalHow you get aretial blood up to brainIn temporal boneSphenoidOval shapeForamen ovialPosterior shapeForamen spinousumMidline sagittal viewBony septum- deep within the nasal cavityLateral wall of the nasal cavityConchaMaxillaAnterior and posterior nasal apendtureInferior concha- different boneSuperior and something else are part of the ethmoid boneCranial fossa- where brain sitsDepression in the cranial floorCalverium- skull capAnterior cranial fossaFrontal bone, ethmoid bone, sphenoid boneOrbit and nasal cavities are deepMiddle cranial fossaSphenoid bone, temporal, parietalPosterior cranial fossaParietal, temporal and occipitalCrystal gallieForamen ovali- in greater wing of sphenoidHypoglossal canal- next to foramen magnumJugular foramen just lateral to hypoglossalBody of sphenoid in the center of the skullCellaturshka- pituitary gland sits in hereMandibleBodyAlveolar process- lower teeth (maxilla has one too for upper teeth)Condyle or head of the mandible which connects for TMJFrontal sectionHyoid boneFloating bone- only attached by muscleOnly bone that doesn’t articulate with another boneBreaks when you hang yourselfVertebraeCervical- 7Thoracic- 12Lumbar-5Sacral- 5 fusedCoccyx- 3 or 4 fusedCurvature of the spineOne for each part of the spinePrimary- thoracic and sacralSecondary- cervical and lumbarScoliosis- when vertebrae doesn’t go straight sways left to rightKyphosis- hunchback a pronounced curvature of the thoracicLordosis- type of it when pregnant- swaybacked lumbarVertebraBody- anteriorlyNeural arch- posteriorlyTransverse processSpinous proessLaminaPedicle- connect body to neural archArticular processes- one superior and one inferiorVertebral foramen- hole in center for spinal cordCervical vertebraTypicalBi-ped spineLarge holeShort transverse processHas transverse foramen ONLY IN CERVICALAtlas- C1- holding the skullWidestdoes not have a bodyanterior and posterior archno laminaarticular process where condyle of occipital bone on itAxis- c2Has a body, lamina, spinous, shorten transverseDens- sticks up into atlas held in by transverse ligamentArticulates with anterior archGives you ability to turn head in no positionChristopher reeves broke thisThoracic 12Large bodyLong spinous process oblique in shapeWhere ribs articulateLumbarLargest strong and heavy boneSpinous process looks like rectangleVertebral canal- where spinal cord sitsIntervertebral foramen space between vertebrae and is where nerves come outSacrum and coccyxCurvature important inRibs12 pairs1-7 are true ribs- connects to sternum8-10 false ribs- tag along with the 7th rib11 and 12 floating ribs- never attach even by costal cartilagecostal cartilage connect ribs to the sternumattach at an angleattach to transverse processsternummanubrium- top part articulate with rib 1manubrium-body junction- articulates with rib 2body- 3-7xiphoid- bottom partCh. 6 and 7- The Skeletal System 28/01/2010 19:21:00← Integumentary System Lecture Friday January 29th, 2010 at 4:30 p.m.in lecture 3← Session on Bones Sunday January 31, 2010 at 1:00-3:15 in Room 300third floor of the Medical School ←← Lengthening of the bone at the diaphysis← Epiphysis cannot increase in length but can increase in size and all of itbecomes spongy bone← Metaphysis- lengthens←← Bones- 206 but most on both sides ← 80 in axial skeleton← 126 in appendicular skeleton←← skull= cranial +facial+ associated bones← look at skull page on website KNOW them all!!← Foramen do not need to know what goes through them but you need to know what bone they are in← Will have diagrams on the test and not color