BI0 101 1st Edition Lecture 11 Outline of Last Lecture I Male anatomy II Female anatomy III Hormones in uterus IV Semen V Contraception VI Fertilization VII Birth VIII Infertility IX Birth control Pills Outline of Current Lecture II Three Domains of life III Bacteria IV Antibacterial Soaps V Archae VI Biofilms VII Protista Current Lecture These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute Three Domains of Life Bacteria Procaryotic Archea procaryotic Eucarya Eucaryotic o Protista Kingdom o Fungi Kingdom o Animal Kingdom o Plant Kingdom How long can organisms live A butt ton of years if you are a tree Is this alive Kingdom animalia Phylum Chordata Subphylum Tunicata Class Thaliacea Order pyrosomida Family Pyrosomatidae Genus Pyrosoma Microorgnaisms Bacteria archea and Protista The bacteria and archea are the most numerous organisms on earth and have been around more than 3 5 billion years Protista with complex eucaryotic cells appeared 2 1 million years ago Most bacteria can live in the human body and make humans ill FALSE Bacteria Ecosystem health and personal health depend on bacteria Bacteria inside your body produce vitamins and help you digest your food o Bacteria living on your skin protect you form infections by fungi and other bacteria Niche is occupied Good bacteria make antibodies to kill invaders The bacterial populations change over time Antibacterial soaps Good or bad Both It kills both the good and the bad bacteria on your hands o In hospital situations it is very good to have antibacterial soaps Bacteria Indispensable member of ecosystems o Important source of photosynthesis in the ocean o Symbiotic relationship with animals o Symbiotic relationship with plants o Decomposition Bacteria in your world some need oxygen others are killed by it Archea 4 Groups o Halophiles Salt loving Dead sea Great Salt Lake o Thermoacidophiles Heat and acid loving Sulfolobus Hot springs Some can live in boiling water o Methanogens Anaerobic Make methane Natural Gas Deep Ocean Swamps intestinal systems o Psychrophiles Live in very cold temperatures How do bacteria get their energy They are photosynthetic heterotrophic and chemosynthetic How do bacteria Live Alone or in groups They live alone and in groups Caulobacter crescentus reproducing by binary fission Cells may adhere or stick to one another after fission forming chains of bacteria Formation of microbial communities Sometimes bacteria stick to a solid surface and make a gel that cements them their and traps other microbes too Stromatolites Formed by huge colonies of cyanobacteria Oldest fossil ones are 3 5 billion years old Hamelin Pool Shark bay Australia where water is twice as salty as the ocean Biofilms Biofilms are composed of populations or communities of microorganisms adhering to environmental surfaces These microorganisms are usually encased in an matrix that they themselves make Biofilms may be found on any environmental surface in which sufficient moisture is present Often form on contact lenses joint replacements water pipes etc What uses do people have for viruses Bacteria and Archea Germ Warfare Industrial Food production Laundry detergents Medicines Bioterrorism Genetic engineering Protista The kingdom that Biologists Love to Hate All eucaryotic Large complex cells Mostly single celled some colonial a few multicellular Autotrophs Heterotrophs or Decomposers or more than one mode of nutrition Plant like Animal Like protozoa or fungus like Important groups of Protista Phytoplankton o Called algae most unicellular o most float in water o Perform much of photosynthesis on earth Seaweed Zooplankton o Primary consumers of phytoplankton o Most unicellular o Important in aquatic food web Phytoplankton Diatoms Have glass silica shells as protection against predators Use in abrasives Multicellular Protista seaweed Brown algae fastest growing on earth Zooplankton Borticella live in ponds Fungus like Protista that infect potatoes Phytophthora Fungus infecting a potato leaf Chapter 8 has the bacteria and viruses