Slide 1Slide 2Slide 3Slide 4Slide 5Slide 6Slide 7Slide 8Slide 9Slide 10Slide 11Slide 12Slide 13Slide 14Slide 15Slide 16Slide 17Slide 18Slide 19Slide 20Slide 21Slide 22Slide 23Slide 24Metabolic BiochemistryLecture 9August 19, 2005Oxidative phosphorylationOther Pathways of Carbohydrate MetabolismPhotosynthesisImport of NADH into mitochondriaLNC 19-27Example of a shuttle for oxidizing NADH from the cytosolLNC 19-26Getting ATP and ADPin and out ofmitochondriaLNC 19-25Biological workfor NADH: P/O ratio ~ 2.5for succinate: P/O ratio ~ 1.5SUBSTRATE LEVEL PHOSPHORYLATIONGAP + Pi + NAD+ NADH + 1,3 bisphosphoglycerate1,3 bisphosphoglycerate + ADP ATP + 3 phosphoglycerate1 ATP produced per NAD+ reducedper GAP used upper 3-PG producedThere is a precise stoichiometryOXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATIONNADH + 1/2 O2 + H+ NAD+ + H2O~ 3 ADP + ~ 3 Pi ~ 3ATP<3 ATP produced per NADH oxidizedper H2O producedper 1/2 O2 consumed (P/O ratio ~ 2.5)There is no precise stoichiometry, because protons can find other paths to return to the matrixWhen succinate is the substrate, the P/O ratio is ~1.5,because only two pumps are used (only 6 protons are pumped per succinate)Regulation of OXPHOS:Mitochondria contain DNA (~16.5 kb)mtDNA encodes 2 rRNAs22 tRNAs13 proteins (in animals)mtDNA can have mutations causingmitochondrial diseasesGLUCONEOGENESISLNC Chapter 14, Section 14.4PENTOSE PHOSPHATE SHUNTLNC Chapter 14, Section 14.5LNC Fig. 14-15PhosphoenolpyruvatePEPfructose-1,6 bisphosphatephosphatasephosphatasepyruvatefirst bypassthird bypasssecond bypassLNC Fig. 14-16BIOTIN is a co-factor utilized forCARBOXYLATION REACTIONSTHIAMINE PYROPHOSPHATE (TPP)is a co-factor utilized forDECARBOXYLATION REACTIONSLNC Fig. 14-18in musclein liverfirst bypassLNC Fig. 14-19Chapter 15, Section 15.3 (pp.575)Coordinated Regulation of Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesisemphasis on regulation of phosphofructokinase-1 and fructose 1,6 bisphosphataseLNC Fig. 14-16Phosphofructokinase-14 identical subunits (two shown)1 active site per subunit1 site for allosteric regulator (ADP/ATP)LNC Fig. 15.18Phosphofructokinase-1PFK-1Fructose bis-phosphataseFBPaseLNC Fig. 15-22LNC Fig. 15-23THE PENTOSE PHOSPHATE PATHWAYSection 14.5two significant products: ribose-phosphateNADPHEnd of Lecture 9August 19,
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