LoudspeakersOutlineReferencesMajor ApplicationsLoudspeaker TypesMagnet typesElectomagnetic Speaker Structortweeter horn typesTweeter typesLow-Frequency horn designEquivalent Circuit for a LoudspeakerElectrostatic SpeakersPlanar SpeakersPowerPoint PresentationSlide 15LoudspeakersLoudspeakersAssignment #1 Ece 5320 MechatronicsByClint EllisOutlineOutlineReferencesMajor ApplicationsBasicsReferencesReferencesRossing, T. (2002) The Science of Sound. San Francisco:Addison WesleyThe Speaker Building Page, 06 Mar 2004 http://www.speakerbuilding.com/Moy, Chu Notes on DIY Electrostatic Headphones http://headwize2.powerpill.org/projects/showproj.php?file=cmoy3_prj.htmMajor ApplicationsMajor ApplicationsNoise eliminationSound reproductionSound amplificationLoudspeaker TypesLoudspeaker TypesElectrostatic Speakers–Similar to a condenser microphone designAir-motion Transformers–Diaphragm ranRibbon Speakers–Similar to a Ribbon microphone designPlanar Speakers–Flat shape but inefficientCylindrical Radiators–Used in stereophonic systemsMagnet typesMagnet typesThe three main types of magnets used in speaker constructionFigure from “The Science of Sound” RossingFrom left to right: A slug magnet, ring magnet, “W” magnetElectomagnetic Speaker Electomagnetic Speaker StructorStructorThe left side is an exploded view of the construction of a speakerThe right is the view of the magnet and voice coil structorsFigure from “The Science of Sound” Rossingtweeter horn typestweeter horn typesA straight hornA folded hornFigure from “The Science of Sound” RossingTweeter typesTweeter typesA cone type tweeterA diffraction hornMulticellular hornDome tweeterFigure from “The Science of sound” RossingLow-Frequency horn designLow-Frequency horn designLeft is sectional top view of designRight is the sectional side viewFigure from “The Science of Sound” RossingEquivalent Circuit for a Equivalent Circuit for a LoudspeakerLoudspeakerR2 represents the drivers suspension lossR3 represents the internal energy absorptionC1 represents the compliance of the driver suspension C2 represents the compliance of the air in the enclosure L1 represents the mass of the speaker cone, voice coil and air loadElectrostatic SpeakersElectrostatic SpeakersAdvantages:1. Smooth response at high frequency2. Can be small (as in headphone assembly)3. Cheaply manufacturedDisadvantages:1. Inefficient at low frequencies2. High input impedancePlanar SpeakersPlanar SpeakersAdvantages:1. Flat space saving design2. Can be constructed as both magnetic and electrostaticDisadvantages:1. Inefficient at all frequencies2. Hard to find due to unpopularityCylindrical RadiatorsCylindrical RadiatorsAdvantages:1. Radiate equally in all directions 2. Can be placed anywhere in a room Disadvantages:1. Interference effects distort when used in stereophonic systemsRibbon SpeakersRibbon SpeakersAdvantages:1. Clear mid and high frequency 2. Easy construction Disadvantages:1. Bidirectionallity causes sound cancellation2. Weak low frequency because of
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