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MIT 6 002 - Thevenin/Norton Equivalents & Logic Gates

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Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 6 002 Electronic Circuits Spring 2007 Lab 1 Thevenin Norton Equivalents Logic Gates Handout S07 017 Introduction Thc first part of tlic lab cxplorcs thc charactcrization of a nctwork by its Tlicvcnin and Norton cquivalcnts Tlic scco idpart cxplorcs tlic static bchavior of logic gatcs constructcd with 11 channcl MOSFETs and rcsistors You should coniplctc tlic prc lab cxcrciscs in your lab notcbook bcforc conling to lab Tlicnl carry out thc in lab cxcrciscs bctwccn Fcbruary 26 and March 2 Aftcr co nplctingthc in lab cxcrciscs havc a TA or LA clicck your work and sign your lab notcbook Finally co nplctcthc post lab cxcrciscs in your lab notcbook and turn in your lab notcbook during recitation on Wcdncsday March 7 Pre Lab Exercises Prc Lab Excrciscs 1 1 and 1 2 cxplorc tlic cliaractcrization of a nctwork by its Thcvc iinand Norton cquivalcnts Prc Lab Excrciscs 1 3 through 1 5 cxplorc thc static bcliavior of logic gatcs 1 1 Dctcrnli ictlic Thcvcnin and Nortoll cquivalcnts of thc ictworkshown in Figurc 1 as vicwcd at its port Figure 1 Sourcc rcsistor nctwork for Prc Lab Excrciscs 1 1 and 1 2 1 2 Evaluatc thc Thcvcnin and Norton cquiwlc itsof thc nctwork for tlic following wlucs V 5 V RI 50 S l R2 2 2 k0 R3 1 5 k 0 1 3 Figurc 2 shows a NOT gatc a NOR gatc and a NAND gatc constructcd from n channcl MOSFETs and 1 k 0 rcsistors Thc figurc also shows a switch rcsistor lnodcl for thc ncha i icl MOSFET Using tlic switch rcsistor niodcl colnputc v o u for all thrcc gatcs In doing so considcr all combinations of input voltagcs an input voltagc may bc cithcr abovc or bclow tlic MOSFET thrcsliold voltagc VT In cach casc cvaluatc VOLIT assulning R o s 0 4 0 Suninlarizc your rcsults for cacli gatc in a tablc 1 4 Figurc 3 shows a conibinational logic circuit Dctcr ni ic thc input output truth tablc for this circuit Cite as Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang course materials for 6 002 Circuits and Electronics Spring 2007 MIT OpenCourseWare http ocw mit edu Massachusetts Institute of Technology Downloaded on DD Month YYYY 1 5 Draw thc circuit diagrani for thc colnbiliational logic circuit shown in Figurc 3 using tlic gatcs shown in Figurc 2 NOT 1 I I I I NOR Gate 5V 1k I I MOSFET Model NAND Gate D 1 Open Closed RDS ON G VT V G v s VT S Figurc 2 A NOT gatc a NOR gatc a NAND gatc and thc switch rcsistor MOSFET lnodcl Figurc 3 Conibinational logic circuit for Prc Lab Excrciscs 1 4 alid 1 5 Cite as Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang course materials for 6 002 Circuits and Electronics Spring 2007 MIT OpenCourseWare http ocw mit edu Massachusetts Institute of Technology Downloaded on DD Month YYYY In Lab Exercises In Lab Excrciscs 1 1 through 1 3 cxplorc tlic characterization of a nctwork by its Tlicvcnin and Norton cquivalcnts In Lab cxcrciscs 1 4 through 1 9 cxplorc tlic static bchavior of logic gatcs 1 1 Construct thc nctwork shown in Figurc 4 Howcvcr bcforc co nlcctingtlic signal gc icrator to thc rc naiiidcrof thc nctwork sct its output voltagc to a constant 5 V and chcck this output with thc multi nictcr Thc ictworkis tlic samc as thc onc shown in Figurc 1 with thc function gcncrator scrving as both tlic voltagc sourcc and rcsistor R1 Note The function generator has two modes to compensate for the load impedance 50 i2 and High Z Make sure that your function generator is set to the High Z mode Press Shift and then Enter to get to the menus Using the dial switch to menu D the SYS MENU Next press the down arrow twice Use the dial to switch to HIGH 2 Then press Enter to save I u L A Signal Generator Figurc 4 Expcri nc ital sourcc rcsistor nctwork 1 2 Mcasurc thc opcml circuit voltagc and short circuit currcnt of tlic nctwork with thc multinictcr Notc that thc multi mctcr is itsclf a ncar opcn circuit wlicn uscd as a voltnictcr and a ncas short circuit wlicn uscd as a n amnictcr Tlicrcforc thc dircct connection of thc multi nictcr across thc port implcnicnts thc propcr mcasurcmcnt in both cascs Your rcsults fro111 Prc Lab Excrcisc 1 2 should show that both nicasurcnicmlts arc within thc safc rangc for tlic niulti mctcr 1 3 Conncct a rcsistor across thc ictworkport and nicasurc thc port voltagc v with tlic multinictcr Do so for resistors liming rcsistanccs of 560 i2 1 k 0 and 2 2 k 0 1 4 Construct thc circuit sliown in Figurc 5 wliicli is dcsigncd to nicasurc tlic thrcsliold voltagc of thc MOSFET tlic MOSFET pin assig nncntsarc givcli in thc attachcd data shcct Tlic MOSFET should say 2N7000 on it Makc surc that you don t accidc itallyrcvcrsc tlic polarity of thc MOSFET Tlic sourcc sliould bc conncctcd to ground and thc drain to tlic 1 k 0 rcsistor As cvidcnt from thc MOSFET schcniatic in thc datashcct notc tliat tlic drain and sourc tcrmi ialsof discrctc MOSFETs arc not symnictric Usc tlic niulti mctcr sct thc signal gcncrator to providc to mcasurc v c s and thc oscilloscopc to mcasurc v sand s bc at 5 V Gradually incrcasc v c s until a constant output With v c s at 0 V v sliould v starts s to fall Thc valuc of v c s at which this occurs is VT with tlic circuit sliown in Figurc 5 rcniovc thc 1ki2 rcsistor and tlic oscilloscopc 1 5 Bcgi i iing from thc MOSFET drain With v c s at 5 V nicasurc RDs with thc multi mnctcr This v c s 5 V notc tliat tlic multi nictcr supplics a vcry small voltagc rcsistamlcc is R o s for whcn uscd as an ohmnictcr 1 6 Construct tlic NOT gatc from Figurc 2 and conncct its input to a switch and 10ki2 rcsistor Cite as Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang course materials for 6 002 Circuits and Electronics Spring 2007 MIT OpenCourseWare http ocw mit edu Massachusetts Institute of Technology Downloaded on DD Month YYYY Signal Generator p p p p A 50Q lkQ p I I I I I b D G To Oscilloscope S I L p p p p p A b Figurc 5 Circuit to mcasurc VT as sliown in Figurc 6 For both switch positions tliat is for both logic input lcvcls to tlic gatc nicasurc v o l r with thc multi nictcr A switch pack and a 10 k 0 rcsistor array 10k SIP pn Al03J liavc bccn clioscn to simplify thc wiring of the switchcs to tlicir associatcd rcsistors Spccifically tlic switch pack can bc placed in the protoboard so that olic sidc is on a conimon ground strip and cach pin on tlic othcr sidc is on a scparatc tracc Thcn thc rcsistor array call bc inscrtcd into tlic protoboard alolig …


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MIT 6 002 - Thevenin/Norton Equivalents & Logic Gates

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