PSYCH 2510 1st Edition Lecture 1Outline of Current Lecture I. What is a mental disorder? Current LectureA. A psychological dysfunction associated with distress or impairment in functioning that is not typical or culturally expectedB. Prevalence – nearly 25% of people could be diagnosed, over the span of a lifetime 40%C. Defining Abnormality1. Deviance from the norm2. Difficulties adapting to life’s demands or difficulties functioning effectively (including dangerous behavior), and 3. Experience of personal distress. II. Dimensions underlying mental disordersA. Emotions – how do you function emotionally, copping, no emotions, etc.B. Cognitions – thinking styles, how do you picture the world, pessimistic, etc.C. Behaviors – impulsive behaviors, addiction, not behaving appropriately for the situation, etc.III. History of Abnormal PsychologyA. Early theoreticians1. Deviant behavior as a battle of good vs. evil2. Caused by demonic possession, witchcraft, sorcery3. Treatments: exorcism, torture, beatings, and crude surgeries B. Greek and Roman Thought1. Hippocrates: abnormal behavior as a physical diseasea. Treatment: restore good health2. Galen extends Hippocrates’ worka. Humoral theory of mental illness: imbalance of humors leads to psychopathology3. Galenic-Hippocratic traditiona. Linked abnormality with brain chemical imbalancesb. Foreshadowed modern viewsc. Treating abnormal behavior focused on creating therapeutic environments via health diets, exercise, massage, and education C. Middle Ages1. End of MA and beginning of the Renaissance, natural and scientific approachesto health and human behavior reemerged. Asylums were built for those with mental disorder, but generally provided poor care and treatment.D. Renaissance1. The rise of moral therapy2. More human treatment of institutionalized patients3. Encouraged and reinforced social interactionE. Reform Movement1. Moral therapyIV. Abnormal Psychology and Life: ThemesA. Dimensional and Prevention PerspectivesB. Types of Prevention1. Primary Preventiona. The goal is to protect healthy people from developing a disease or experiencing an injury in the first place2. Secondary Preventiona. These interventions happen after an illness or serious risk factors have already been diagnosed. b. The goal is to halt or slow the progress of disease (if possible) in its earliest stage3. Tertiary Preventiona. This focuses on helping people manage complicated, long-term health problems such as diabetes, heart disease, cancer and chronic musculoskeletal pain. b. The goals include preventing further physical deterioration and maximizing quality of lifeC. Stigma1. Self-Stigmaa. Stereotypes, prejudices, discrimination 1. Of the self; how you label yourself2. Public Stigmaa. Stereotypes, prejudices, discrimination 1. Of