HIST 2112 Lecture 21 Outline of Last Lecture I The Sixties Protest Movements Two Phases A Hope reformists positive B Rage Bitter cynical sometimes violent II Civil Rights From We Shall Overcome to Black Power A Starts out tame and non radical a Legal phase Brown v Board etc b Nonviolent Protest Phase B The turn toward radicalism born of frustration and white violence a Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee SNCC Black Panthers III The New Lef A A broad coalition of social change groups B The New Lef s Loose set of ideals C Students for a Democratic Society and critiques of American society culture politics a Racism poverty inauthentic suburbia b The Establishment 1 Government military corporation universities all working together to get and keep power i The falseness of Liberalism 2 The unity of all problems ii Vietnam War the ultimate symbol and expression of The Establishment s corruption D Protecting Vietnam a Marches teach ins etc b Fighting the Draf E The turn towards radicalism a Democratic Convention Chicago 1968 b The Weathermen 1969 1 Violent revolutionary at least rhetorically IV The counterculture and the Hippies A Not the same as the New Lef B Protested corrupt America by refusing to take part Dropping Out a Life as Politics dress drugs sex as protest b Communes hippie utopia c Yippies cynical version of hippies fighting the system through mockery Outline of Current Lecture I Conservatism from the Political Fringe to the Halls of Power II Vox Clamantis in Deserto Conservatism in the 1950s A Similarities with the New Lef III Core Conservative Beliefs A Caveat there are many different kinds of conservatives B Core conservative beliefs a Mistrust of centralized big government b Emphasis on individual rights especially property rights and free enterprise c Mistrust of social engineering i e using government as a tool for social improvement d Intense anticommunism patriotism support for large military 1 big military in a small government e Law and Order f Traditional Values 1 Popular among religious conservatives but not all conservatives are religious see Ayn Rand g Hatred of modern conservatives e g Eisenhower Rockefeller IV Conservative Intellectual Influences A Friedrich von Hayek and The Road to Serfdom 1944 B U of Chicago economist Milton Freidman C Ayn Rand and Atlas Shrugged The Fountainhead D Russell Kirk and The Conservative Mind E William F Buckley and The National Review a Young Americans for Freedom V Barry Goldwater A Born Arizona 1909 B Classic Conservative Anti New Deal Intensely anti communist pro military deeply opposed to LBJ s Great Society a Not Religious C 1964 Presidential Election a GOP moderates defeated at convention Goldwater nominated b LBJ crushes Goldwater c Liberalism triumphant For now but Current Lecture The Other Side of the Sixties Barry Goldwater and the Rise of Postwar Conservatism I Conservatism from the Political Fringe to the Halls of Power LBJ first gets attacked from the lef not the right Afer 60s we are casual about dress marijuana speech You might forget about the conservative 60s because of the hippy 60s II Vox Clamantis in Deserto Conservatism in the 1950s Motto of Dartmouth Voice crying in the wilderness Liberalism The belief that the government has the ability and duty to improve conditions Politics of the 1950s Liberal Consensus Era 50s and early 60s Ike Eisenhower New Deal is here to stay deal with it Federal Highway Act Nelson Rockefeller Vice President later on Not everybody who is a conservative likes moderation during this time You don t even like people in your own party like Eisenhower or FDR A Similarities with the New Lef Conservatives disagreed with the idea that government was a useful tool for change IT WAS NOT III Core Conservative Beliefs A Caveat there are many different kinds of conservatives Young people college kids Middle class affluent and largely white New Lef concerned about consumerism growing influence of bureaucracies corporations Anti communists Hippies individualism B Core conservative beliefs some value these more than others emphasis on certain beliefs generally they have a mixture of all these beliefs a Mistrust of centralized big government Power corrupts recipe for disaster Ideologically unpalatable Even it sincerely tries to help people it will screw things up b Emphasis on individual rights especially property rights and free enterprise IV Rights of property is your fundamental rights John Locke Read The Young Americans for Freedom 846 847 c Mistrust of social engineering i e using government as a tool for social improvement Inefficient and wasteful LBJ was the devil to conservatives doing too much too aggressive in use of government and the new lef he wasn t doing enough NO NEW DEAL GREAT SOCIETY WELFARE PROGRAMS Racial injustice wasn t the federal governments deal it was up to the locals d Intense anticommunism patriotism support for large military 1 big military in a small government Support for Vietnam e Law and Order Support for cracking down on conservative elements police force against hippies etc Police Thin line between them and chaos f Traditional Values Religious thing 1 Popular among religious conservatives but not all conservatives are religious see Ayn Rand Ayn Rand Atheist Protestant Christianity America needs a moral regeneration we need to go back to an older lifestyle that was deeply rooted in religious sensibility g Hatred of modern conservatives e g Eisenhower Rockefeller LBJ FDR Eisenhower Rockefeller HATE THEM Choice not an echo Conservative Intellectual Influences Young college educators readers A Friedrich von Hayek and The Road to Serfdom 1944 o Austria Moves to University of Chicago Economics Dept o Argument Any economy that has substantial control by a government will lead inevitably to Nazi style fascism or Soviet style communism B U of Chicago economist Milton Freidman o Capitalism Freedom Free market can do things better than the government can do them o Died in 2002 o US News and World Report V C Ayn Rand and Atlas Shrugged The Fountainhead o Fiction Writer Grew up in Soviet Union o Developed a very intense anti government pro individualist feeling D Russell Kirk and The Conservative Mind o Religious Conservative 850pgs o Big Champion of Traditional Values o Looked to the past for models of human behavior o Suspicious of Capitalism capitalism pro change etc E William F Buckley and The National Review o Rallying point for conservatives in the 50s 80s o