HIST 2112 Exam 2 Study Guide Lectures 8 16 Lecture 8 February 6 Progressives people of the Progressive Era normally middle class professionals white collar workers 3rd group of people threatened by Industrialism not radical no speak of revolution focused on reform changing the system Angel of Reform Beginnings of Progressivism 1 Muckrakers investigative journalist who exposes the dirty underbelly of a certain topic prostitution tenements etc authors such as Tarbell Sinclair Riis Steffans etc 2 The middle class response to industrial chaos urge to find order such information was eye opening to middle class Americans Progressive Characteristics the common type of progressive 1 White usually middle upper middle class professional such as doctors lawyers professors etc 2 Deeply committed Christians believed good works helped as much as faith for salvation 3 Women vital part of Progressive Movement couldn t vote yet Four Major Agendas 1 Political Reform believed that Democracy was corrupted by wealth and power ppl should vote not out of self interest but for the better good for all ppl often went after to stop political machines worked towards city council instead of mayor highly against alcohol 2 Scientific Efficiency believed scientific experts could help run government correctly fans of professionalism believed in Civil Service Reform having politicians and leader take a test to be placed in positions instead of from voting 3 Economic Reform believed in regulation thought government should control areas of industrialism trusts against monopolies and capitalism 4 Social Justice supported helping people who lacked power nonwhites women the poor etc helped them get rights voting for women If Jesus Came to Chicago book about how God would be ashamed of the industrialism and would say that ppl need to fix it WWJD created by Charles Sheldon classic social gospel Progressive from Kansas believed in African American rights opposed to alcohol Christian Socialist believed that socialism would be God s favorite people giving up their lives to help the less fortunate settlement houses In His Steps book questioning what Jesus would do in every situation of life like being a progressive reformer man comes into church saying misfortune is the fall of him and dies Three Progressive Stories 1 Settlement House Movement Progressive reformers would move into poor areas of the cities and set up houses to help and teach the poor often women started in late 1890 s 400 houses set up by 1910 leads to growth of feminism Education home economic classes taught English to cook child care job training basic college classes etc Negative Effect teachers naturally wanted to remake the people they reformed into miniature versions of themselves wanted to turn poor ppl into white middle class citizens form of assimilation anxieties about alcohol etc Jane Addams led part of Women s Movement 2 Teddy Roosevelt confident city boy ivy league schooling passion for nature imperialistic president because of assassination Republican but uncharacteristic suspicious of abusive monopolies went after big businesses and trusts supporter of some unions mine workers Square Deal kicked out of Republican Party Progressive Party created national park services Grand Canyon Northern Securities Company 1902 broken up by Teddy 3 Conservation supporting Environmentalism emerges from Progressive Era not 1960 s radical yet boring horrible air quality and water quality from Industrialism Progressives wanted trained environmentalists and scientists to help the land forests etc believed in wise use of nature Lecture 9 February 18 I America during the age of Imperialism From Colony to Colonizer Imperialism an unequal human and territorial relationship usually in the form of an empire based on ideas of superiority and practices of dominance and involving the extension of authority and control of one state or people over another Point of American colonies was to make Britain rich II Europe s Imperial Heyday 19th Century The entire continent of Africa was controlled by Europe except for Ethiopia and Liberia until 1950s Europe has colonies all over the world By this time Spanish empire has shrunk a little III America Traditionally anti imperialist but Most Americans were anti imperialists because we were a colony we believe in popular sovereignty We became isolationists We do not get involved in other people s problems we re only an example IV Why American Imperialism A Profit Internationalists we need colonies like Britain so we can make a lot of money resources and sell to markets B Power and Prestige Imperialists emerge who believe in our economic power We are a good if not better than countries like Britain Industrialism makes America the most powerful country on the planet C Cultural Ideas a Social Darwinism Only the fittest survive and prosper AMERICA the people at the bottom are only there because they deserve it William Graham Sumner s argument b Race and Christianity You can justify imperialism with Race White supremacy Reformers America taking over colonies assimilation V VI Missionary work c Spreading Democracy we want to see people adopt our views can it be forced on people d Masculinity Hoganson s fighting for American Manhood one of the consequences of industrialism was the crisis of manhood the problem with industrialism with all of its wealth and abundance has made us weak We have lost something along the way What we need is a good war to toughen these men up The Spanish American War 1898 makes us an Imperial power Spanish don t really have much left only Cuba and Philippines We need to help these people because Spain is cruel maybe we can gain colonies A Two key events a De Lome Letter sent from Cuba to Spain but it is intercepted by Cuban Spy and it s sent to US Spanish officials are talking about America and say that America and their president is a coward The American reaction was over the top They ve insulted our honor we can t stand for this and some people call for war A week later this America ship The Maine blows up b The Maine explosion Sent to show off for a purpose It blows up boiler explosion accident only One week after that letter makes it look like Spanish is attacking us Teddy Roosevelt goes to kick some ass but our military sucks Anti imperialist Feelings A Teller amendment VII VIII Says that in the event that we go to war with Spain the first thing we will do when we win is give Cuba Philippines their independence