HIST 2112 Lecture 4 Outline of Last Lecture I New Attitudes about American Indians II Heading West Why III The Fate of the Natives A eradication school B Assimilationist school a Indian Schools b Reservations c The Dawes Act of 1887 IV The Failures of the Dawes Act and Assimilation V The Ghost Dance 1890 Outline of Current Lecture I Introduction II Industrialism III American Business Before 1870 IV A case study Andrew Carnegie A Born in Scotland B Future C A Fortuitous combination of Developments a Technological developments b The rise of railroads c New resources from the west d Immigration and cheap labor e Corporate business techniques D Important Corporate business techniques E Other Helpful Developments V The Gilded Age A Robber Barons B Carnegie s Social Conscience C Lingering Question Current Lecture Age of Capital Industrializations and the Rise of Big Business I II III IV Introduction The Current Time and Why a Royal Navy concept b American Railroad Coperation make time zones happen Invention of Railroads Trains run efficiently on time Everywhere has different high noons Industrialism The most important development in US history after reconstruction Like a salad Lots of things have to come together to make it happen The fact that we are telling time according to railroads needs in 1880s tells how important it was to everyone s industrial lives Times Industrialism changes everything Large Corporations that have Massive Amounts of Capital Assembly lines technology big markets Industrialism causes a lot of conflict A lot of people hated industrialism it was undemocratic and threatening WAS INDUSTRIALISM A GOOD THING OR BAD THING Raised standard of living and no famine There is no accounts receivable without accounts payable So industrialism has human costs and also gives rewards child labor laws American Business before 1870 Largely Rural Some Factories Not many since 1830s in New England Biggest Business has 800 workers Farms Coal mines Small jobs businesses family operations A case study Andrew Carnegie A Born in Scotland migrates to Pittsburg 1848 Bessemer created steel around the time he was coming up His father was a weaver that went belly up because the economy crashed you either learn to survive an industrial world or you will fail B Future Ambitious clever driven talented and sees a future in steel He doesn t want to just be rich he wants to be an imaginative person Cost a lot of money some of his friends help and loan him money to build a steel factory C A Fortuitous combination of Developments a Technological developments b The rise of railroads Use them to bring all the items to your factory from other parts of the world c New resources from the west Things are being discovered such as iron and coal d Immigration and cheap labor Employees that need work e Corporate business techniques Railroads are great to enable the economy because you support them and give them business this rejuvenates the economy Carnegie starts to buy warehouses railroads hires people for salesmen D Important Corporate business techniques a Integration of production b Monopolizations trusts price fixing not so much Carnegie as others Everybody wants the supplies Everyone wants to eliminate compitions Trusts Club steelmakers Leads to a fixed price that benefits everyone Illegal today E Other Helpful Developments a A pro industrial US government and Republican party founded in 1854 in Jackson MI which is an anti slavery party NORTHERN Want industrialism to happen Slavery isn t the real money maker industry is b Pro industrial law Laws are not neutral they are shaped by the period people Corporations are people under the 14th amendment Santa Clara County vs Southern Pacific Railroad c Social Darwinism the misguided application of survival of the fittest to economics V Origin of species some people are better at competition than others they have climbed to the top because they have what it takes to be at top tough shit for everyone else Ideas were taken out of context The Gilded Age The late 1880s and 90s Edward Bellamy and Looking Backward 1887 A Robber Barons a Threats to democracy b Threats to free enterprise c Threats to jobs B Carnegie s Social Conscience C Lingering Question Was the development of American industrialism worth the costs The answers will vary Stay tuned