HIST 2112 Lecture 1 Outline of Last Lecture I We went over the course syllabus in the previous lecture If you have any questions you can refer back solely to the syllabus Outline of Current Lecture I Reconstruction Reuniting a nation torn A Many Questions II A Snapshot of America 1865 o 620 000 men had died in the war o North won mainly in charge o Slavery is really still around just mutated into something a little different III Presidential Reconstruction the gentle approach A Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction 1863 B Lincoln the radical moderate C Andrew Jackson continuing Lincoln s gentle approach IV Radical Reconstruction the get tough approach A Black Codes B Constitutional acts 13th 14th and 15th 1 Amendments C Freedom s Bureau D Military Force backs it all up V Impeaching Andrew Johnson VI Redemption The white south regains power A The KKK and the intimidation of black male voters B Reconstruction fatigue in the North a Panic of 1973 b Racism and death of Radicals c Legal setbacks d Growing labor strife VII The Final Act The compromise of 1877 Current Lecture Punishing or Pampering the South Presidential and Radical Reconstruction I Reconstruction Reuniting a nation torn A Many Questions a How much Reconstruction II III IV b Who will be in charge c How far will reconstruction go d Should reconstruction be easy or quick A Snapshot of America 1865 o 620 000 men died o Nobody really cares about slaves or their conditions o North won the war they re in charge now Presidential Reconstruction the gentle approach A Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction 1863 Lincoln s view o How do you get back in the union 1 Have 10 of voters sign loyalty oath to U S 2 Rewrite State constitution Outlawing slavery Renounce secession B Lincoln the radical moderate o with Malice towards None and Charity for all view for reconstruction o The plan is easy gentle and quick seems too easy for northerners o Lincoln was a big supporter of colonization during the war buying sending slaves to Africa or somewhere o Lincoln dies at theatre Andrew Johnson takes over C Andrew Jackson continuing Lincoln s gentle approach o Andrew Johnson is a drunken southerner o Took office two weeks after war was over HOW DID THEY GET A SOUTHERNER PRES WHEN THE NORTH WON Mountain people from the south supported the north because most other southern people were southern cotton planter snobs that they did not like support LOYAL UNION SOUTHERNER WHO IS VERY RACIST If he had to choose between rich southerners or slaves he would choose to support rich southerners HE HATES SLAVES o He was vice president before Lincoln died o He continues the gentle approach but makes it where the rich southerners have to go to D C to get a pardon to get their citizenship back Radical Reconstruction the get tough approach AIMED AT PREVENTING RERISE OF CONFEDERACY RADICAL REPUBLICANS Charles Sumner Thaddeus Stevens New Englanders Send Rich Planters Former generals etc to D C to be in congress V VI A Black Codes people not radicals tried to pass black codes to keep slavery didn t work too good a Southern states start passing black codes Laws aimed specifically at black people which recreate conditions of slavery without actually having slavery itself Examples It s illegal to leave and also to be unemployed they had to work for nothing for their previous owners B Constitutional acts 13th 14th and 15th 1 Amendments o 13th Outlaws Slavery o 14th Gives citizenship to Black People o 15th Gives black men the right to vote Radicals are trying to ensure that there won t be a power grab by the southern rich people The short lived era of black political influence in the south C Freedom s Bureau dedicated to well being of free slaves o They did a lot of education o protected former slaves from being exploited by black codes o Congress supported slaves presidents did not o Radicals dominate congress D Military Force backs it all up Impeaching Andrew Johnson o Radicals had moral right on their side o Radicals Tenure of Office Act o The President cannot fire anyone from his cabinet without the permission of congress o Johnson HATES SLAVES vs Edward Stanton Radical Republican who support slaves o Johnson still fires Edward Stanton congress tries to impeach him puts him on trial He escapes by one vote from being expelled from office o Ulysses S Grant becomes president soon Redemption The white south regains power mad about black people getting rights A The KKK and the intimidation of black male voters o Intimidated black men who tried to vote o Hung black men who tried to vote o Payed people visits in the night VII B Reconstruction fatigue in the North a lot of northerners have moved on mentally don t really care about slaves or their rights WHERE ARE THE RADICALS o Dead a Panic of 1873 Nasty economic downturn o People just mainly worry about themselves b Racism and death of Radicals c Legal setbacks rulings by supreme court rule most of radicals views unconstitutional d Growing labor strife Northern government abandons slaves The Final Act The compromise of 1877 o 1876 contested election Tilden vs Hayes Backroom bargaining Republicans and Democrats Here s what we ll do for you we ll leave the south along if you let Hayes become president you can do whatever with slaves