HIST 2112 Lecture 15 Outline of Last Lecture I The Eagle vs The Bear II The Rise of Containment A 1945 What to do B The Containment Doctrine a Foreign Affairs b Greece 1947 i Truman Doctrine c Monolithic Communism i Definition ii Reality III Non Violent Containment A The Marshall Plan B CIA covert Sponsorship IV Potentially Violent Containment A Berlin Airlif V 1949 1950 China goes communist A Who lost China VI Publication of NSC 68 1950 VII Containment gets Violent Korean War A Chinese Invasion and Stalemate Outline of Current Lecture I Los Angeles Late 1940s II The Second Red Scare as Overreaction A How bad were the Soviets B The Soviet Union and Communism III The Second Red Scare as a reaction against the New Deal legacy A Anticommunism and conservation critics of FDR and the New Deal B New Dealers unions academics activists as popular targets IV Political Manifestations of the New Deal A The House Un American Activities Committee HUAC 1945 1952 B The Alger Hiss spy case 1948 1950 V C The Rosenberg Case 1950 1953 D McCarthyism 1950 1954 a Senator Tailgunner Joe McCarthy b Searching for a hot issue c The infamous McCarthy lists and the McCarthy hearings d The army McCarthy hearings and the end of McCarthyism 1 Key role of TV The Second Red Scare in Popular Culture A HUAC and the Hollywood Ten a The infamous black list B The sanitizing of Film and TV a No morally complex or ambiguous subjects b No conflict c No criticism of the American way of life d No sympathetic communist characters C The Scare and the whitebread mainstream middle class culture of the 1950s Current Lecture I Los Angeles Late 1940s II The Second Red Scare as Overreaction A How bad were the Soviets How much of a threat were they Authoritarianism and repression is very common in the Soviet Union Ex Stalin Stalin doesn t play Some people disappear because they disagree with this B The Soviet Union and Communism a threat to the US but not a threat in the US They are a little bent on world domination American Communist party in 1930s had 30 000 members hardcore members and people who join the party just because Almost religious Large on rhetoric short on action all talk no walk Have a lot of meetings Aggressive in trying to recruit members Pointing fingers at other communists saying their group was more communists III The Second Red Scare as a reaction against the New Deal legacy A Anticommunism and conservation critics of FDR and the New Deal Anticommunists bipartisan IV Most intense anticommunists are conservatives threat to liberty for you If you didn t like the New Deal or liberalism what better way to go afer your enemies than blame them to be communists B New Dealers unions academics activists as popular targets Political Manifestations of the New Deal A The House Un American Activities Committee HUAC 1945 1952 Are you or have you been a member of the Communist party Richard Nixon HUGE ANTICOMMUNIST New Dealers end up facing HUAC B The Alger Hiss spy case 1948 1950 Slipping information to soviets through Witticker Chambers WC finally came out and spilled the beans about Alger Hiss WC had evidence he used to be communists but finally saw the way AH Convicted of Purgery WC Pumpkin Papers C The Rosenberg Case 1950 1953 Julius and Ethel Rosenberg passed nuclear secrets to the soviets D McCarthyism 1950 1954 a Senator Tailgunner Joe McCarthy ambitious unethical He wanted to be big famous and powerful Super smart Ran chicken farming business Democrat and New Dealer He does what is popular at the time Goes off to WWII Marine intelligence officer Comes back and decides he wants to run for the Senate uses communism as his agendaanticommunist Lied about his military service for some reason Acted like he was wounded he never really saw combat falsified documents to get a medal b Searching for a hot issue communism c The infamous McCarthy lists and the McCarthy hearings Junior senator for WI He stands up in WV and says he has a list of people in the state dept who are communists He sees anticommunism as a royal road to get what he wants smoke and mirrors though He is like HUAC and calls people to talk about their communist actions Moves on to bigger and bigger targets secretary of state Eisenhower etc Roy Kohn homosexual does not want his partner overseas and McCarthy pulls strings to let his friend get stationed closer People start to investigate McCarthy and his investigations V d The army McCarthy hearings and the end of McCarthyism 1 Key role of TV Senate majority leader helped make this McCarthy TV special happen He is finally revealed to people about how much of a jerk he is Joseph Welch says Have you no decency sir on national TV to McCarthy Really a letdown McCarthy is a broken man Red Scare begins to pass He is finally censored by congress he becomes an alcoholic three years later is dead 1957 The Second Red Scare in Popular Culture A HUAC and the Hollywood Ten Unions in Hollywood Screenwriters who had communist sympathies called in front of HUAC and wouldn t speak and were thrown in jail Scares people in film a The infamous black list Red Channels people in movies that are supposedly communists that nobody would hire anymore B The sanitizing of Film and TV a No morally complex or ambiguous subjects b No conflict c No criticism of the American way of life d No sympathetic communist characters C The Scare and the whitebread mainstream middle class culture of the 1950s Do not marry communists TV SHOWS leave it to beaver shows are lighthearted and dumb because you didn t deal with subjects that were too complex because you would be charged with being anti American etc