History Lecture 2 19 15 World War I 1914 1918 I Build up to War A Imperialism B Arms Race C Treaties Key Terms Treaties Russian Revolution Fourteen Points League of Nations 1 Europeans have been fighting wars for a long time conflict is now over imperialism 2 Driven by increase in selling marketable goods 1 European nations begin to stock up on machine guns tanks planes chemical weapons submarines brand new technology 2 Everybody is building up stockpiles and everyone gets tense and suspicious 1 One of the earliest treaties comes from Germany and Austria Hungary If Germany ends up in war Austria Hungary backs them up and vice versa a b Austria Hungary signs treaty with Italy as well c d When WWI starts Italy backs out of the contract and is replaced by If one of the three goes to war they all go Triple Alliance Ottoman Empire 2 England has treaty with France a Then Russia b Triple Entente D Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand 1 Archduke is heir to Austro Hungarian Empire 2 Empire had been losing territories a Serbia has recently been lost from Empire and is now its own country 3 The Black Hand a Wants to help Bosnia get independence b c Through a bomb at the archduke s car but missed and hit someone else June 28 1914 Sarajevo the capital city of Bosnia 1 Archduke heads to hospital 2 Assassins plan B is to shoot the Archduke and Sophie 3 Both die and leave orphaned children 4 Serbia has signed treaty with Russia 5 July 27 1914 Austria Hungary goes into Serbia 1 US officially sided with no one 2 President Woodrow Wilson came out with policy of neutrality If you side with someone you have to share your stockpile with them 3 1915 One of Germany s submarines attacks a British Ship a a Lusitania 1 Left from New York selling to England 2 1200 on board as passengers 200 are American II The US and WWI A Neutrality 3 Took 15 minutes to go down 4 Held guns in the cargo hold b US does not go to war 4 1916 U S sends troops into Mexico to get Poncho Villa but realizes they are in a Civil War and leaves 5 Germany sends Zimmerman Telegram to Mexico asking if they want revenge on U S a They will return everything that the U S stole B Russian Revolution 1 Raises 12 Million troops but not enough guns a Sends farmers to make guns but then there is no food being made b February 1917 Factory workers decide to go on strike 2 Czar has decided to spend the war on the battlefields a Russians decide they want Czar gone b Czar steps down c Decides to try Democracy 1 March 1917 New government signs a treaty with all other countries in the war that says they are out d Socialism 1 October 1917 Vladimir Lenin who had been exiled for preaching of socialism comes back with Bolsheviks and takes charge a Bolsheviks Party of socialists 2 Soviet Union U S S R a 16 Soviet Socialist Republics make up the Union C Fourteen Points WWI 1 April 2 1917 United States officially declares war on Germany essentially entering 2 Woodrow Wilson explains what we want to win out of the war a Democracy 1 If nothing else this is a war for Democracy for the World b Promote Free trade around the world 1 Prior to WWI trade had been slightly less than free 2 Imperialism wouldn t let America sell chairs to France s place when France had their own chairs to sell c Disarmament d Self Determination 1 Wants to encourage everyone to get rid of their weapons 1 All people have the choice to choose how they are governed e An international governing body designed to settle disputes before they turn into war III Close of War A Versailles Peace Treaty 1 November 11 1918 Armistice Day 2 Everyone is invited except Germany and Soviet Union 3 Woodrow Wilson is there and pushes for the Fourteen Points Especially Self Determination a Ho Chi Min of Vietnam tries for self determination but does not succeed b Poland is freed c Austria and Hungary become separate countries along with Romania d Ottoman Empire becomes protectorate England and France divides among themselves 4 Germany must get rid of army navy and all weapons a Must give up territories to England and France b Reparations 1 Germany must pay cash to England and France because it is Germanys fault that the war started B League of Nations 1 Final Component of the Treaty of Versailles 2 When you sign the treaty you sign yourself into the League of Nations a Wilson signed the treaty but Congress did not approve it b Wilson suffered a stroke while campaigning for his League of Nations signing and his wife took over 3 Congress did not approve