Test Bank forChapter 19: Molecular Genetic Analysis and BiotechnologyShort Answer QuestionsTest Bank for Chapter 19: Molecular Genetic Analysis and BiotechnologyMultiple Choice Questions 1. Which of the following is a set of molecular techniques for locating, isolating, altering, and studying DNA segments?a. In situ hybridizationb. Gel electrophoresisc. Gene cloningd. Southern blottinge. Recombinant DNA technology Answer: eComprehension QuestionSection 19.12. Which of the following is NOT a challenge of working at the molecular level?a. Cells contain thousands of genes.b. Individual genes cannot be seen.c. It is not possible to transfer DNA in a stable form.d. A genome can consist of billions of base pairs.e. No physical features mark the beginning or end of a gene.Answer: cComprehension QuestionSection 19.13. Gel electrophoresis can be used to separate DNA on the basis ofa. size.b. electrical charge.c. nucleotide content.d. the probe used.e. Both a and b Answer: eComprehension QuestionSection 19.24. Which of the following is NOT correct regarding Type II restriction enzymes?a. They can create blunt ends.b. They make double-stranded cuts in DNA.c. They recognize specific sequences and make cuts further away from the recognition sequence.d. They are named based on their bacterial origin.Answer: cComprehension QuestionSection 19.25. Which of the following is a true statement?a. DNA ligase forms hydrogen bonds between nucleotide bases.b. DNA ligase can seal nicks between amino acids.c. DNA ligase recognizes and cuts at specific sequences.d. DNA ligase is necessary for creating recombinant plasmids.e. DNA ligase is a requirement of a sequencing reaction.Answer: dComprehension QuestionSection 19.26. Southern blotting is a technique used to transfer _________ to a solid medium.a. DNA b. RNAc. proteind. Two of the abovee. All of the aboveAnswer: aComprehension QuestionSection 19.27. What is the purpose of Taq polymerase in a PCR reaction?a. DNA denaturationb. Primer annealing c. DNA synthesis d. Heating of the reactione. All of the above are associated with Taq polymerase.Answer: cComprehension QuestionSection 19.28. Antibodies are to Western blots as __________ are to Southern blots.a. RNAb. proteinsc. DNAd. amino acidse. Both a and c Answer: eComprehension QuestionSection 19.29. Which of the following would be most appropriate for cloning a gene that is 325 kb in size?a. Plasmidb. Cosmidc. Phage lambdad. BAC e. Yeast phageAnswer: dComprehension QuestionSection 19.210. A gene does not contain the necessary restriction enzyme sites for cloning into a plasmid vector. What is a possible option?a. Increase the amount of gene used.b. Add linkers to generate new restriction enzyme sites. c. Use a cosmid as a cloning vector.d. Use dideoxy sequencing to obtain the sequence of the gene.e. Cut the DNA with a blunt end cutter.Answer: bComprehension QuestionSection 19.211. Which of the following is NOT a bacterial cloning vector?a. Plasmidb. Bacteriophage λc. Agrobacterium d. Bacterial artificial chromosomee. CosmidAnswer: cComprehension QuestionSection 19.212. Which of the following is NOT a potential benefit of using transgenic plants?a. They can reduce the use of harmful chemical pesticides in the United States, and thus provide an ecological benefit.b. They can generate restriction enzyme sites on a foreign gene of interest to be cloned. c. They often increase yields, providing more food per acre and reducing the amount of landneeded for agricultural use.d. They can allow crops to be grown on land previously unavailable for productive agricultural use.e. They can be used to express large quantities of specific biological products more cheaply and quickly than by expression in animal systems.Answer: bComprehension QuestionSection 19.213. All of the following are requirements of a bacterial cloning vector EXCEPTa. origin of replication.b. unique restriction enzyme sites.c. Ti plasmid.d. selectable markers.Answer: cComprehension QuestionSection 19.214. The difference between PCR and real-time PCR is thata. real-time PCR can measure the amount of DNA amplified as the reaction proceeds, whilestandard PCR cannot. b. real-time PCR can amplify DNA a billion-fold within just a few hours, while standard PCR cannot.c. real-time PCR can determine the DNA sequence, while standard PCR cannot.d. real-time PCR uses DNA polymerase, while standard PCR does not.e. real-time PCR requires primers, while standard PCR does not.Answer: aComprehension QuestionSection 19.215. Which of the following represents an appropriate cloning vector for cloning a gene into a bacterial cell?a. YACb. Ti plasmidc. Plasmidd. Agrobacterium tumefaciense. lacZAnswer: cComprehension QuestionSection 19.216. Ampicillin resistance is to ampR as ____________ is to lacZ.a. Bt toxinb. G418c. β-galactosidase d. penicillin resistancee. gancyclovirAnswer: cComprehension QuestionSection 19.217. During gel electrophoresis, large DNA fragments will ________ small DNA fragments.a. migrate more rapidly thanb. migrate at the same speed asc. migrate more slowly thand. cause degradation ofe. separate into Answer: cComprehension QuestionSection 19.218. Which of the following can be used for genetic engineering in plants?a. Ti plasmidb. Agrobacterium tumefaciensc. selectable markersd. A and B onlye. a, b, and cAnswer: eComprehension QuestionSection 19.219. Which of the following is NOT true regarding the basic components required for a bacterial cloning vector?a. Selectable markers provide a means for preferentially allowing growth of only those bacterial cells that have been transformed with the cloning vector.b. Unique restriction enzyme sites allow for larger pieces of foreign DNA to be inserted intothe bacterial cloning vector. c. Unique restriction enzyme sites provide a means for inserting the foreign DNA into the cloning vector at a specific, known sequence site.d. A bacterial origin of replication ensures that the plasmid is replicated while present within the bacterial cell.e. Selectable markers provide a means for selecting cells that have been transformed with a recombinant plasmid.Answer: bApplication QuestionSection 19.220. You have discovered a gene that enables organisms to accumulate gold in their tissues by concentrating trace amounts found in normal soil. You want to transfer this gene into a plant. Order the steps below that would accomplish this.1. Infect the plant with the Agrobacterium strain.2. Digest the gold gene and a Ti