AAATest Bank forChapter 4: Sex Determination and Sex-Linked CharacteristicsTest Bank for Chapter 4: Sex Determination and Sex-Linked CharacteristicsMultiple Choice Questions1. What is the role of the SRY gene in humans?a. It initiates the X inactivation process in females.b. It is located on the X chromosome and causes the X to pair with the Y chromosome during male meiosis.c. It is located on the Y chromosome and initiates the developmental pathway toward the male phenotype. d. It is located on an autosomal chromosome and represses expression of autosomal genes in order to balance their expression level with genes on the X chromosome.e. None of the above answers is correct. Answer: cSection 4.1Comprehension2. What is the expected outcome for a human embryo with the XXXY chromosome constitution? a. It would likely develop into a female who will not respond to the hormone testosterone.b. It would likely develop into a sterile male with reduced testes.c. It will always abort early in development before birth.d. It would likely develop into a tall female who may be slightly cognitively impaired.e. It would likely develop into a fertile man with a completely normal male phenotype. Answer: bSection 4.1Comprehension3. Which of the following chromosome constitutions would never lead to a viable human baby being born? a. XXXb. XYYc. XO (O = the absence of a second chromosome)d. YYe. XXYAnswer: d Section 4.1 Comprehension4. A female with androgen-insensitivity syndrome, a sex-linked recessive condition, hasa. two X chromosomes, both carrying mutant alleles in the gene that makes the androgen receptor.b. a pair of ovaries that overproduce estrogen.c. a XXX chromosome constitution that causes her not to produce testosterone.d. a pair of testes that produce testosterone.e. an inactive SRY gene.Answer: d Section 4.1Comprehension5. Species in which individuals have only male or only female reproductive structures are calleda. hermaphrodites.b. diploids.c. dioecious.d. homogametic.e. monoecious.Answer: c Section 4.1Comprehension 6. In which of the following organisms is gender/sex determined by the temperature during embryonic development? a. Humansb. Micec. Fruit fliesd. Many snakes and birdse. Many turtles and alligatorsAnswer: e Section 4.1Comprehension7. In species of birds, males are the homogametic sex and females the heterogametic sex. Which if the following is true in this system of sex determination?a. The gender of the offspring is determined by the female parent.b. Male offspring have a ZW chromosome constitution.c. The gender of the offspring is determined by the male parent.d. Female offspring have a ZZ chromosome constitution.e. Female and male offspring have the same chromosome constitution.Answer: a Section 4.1Comprehension8. In a germ-line cell from a female grasshopper (XX-XO sex determination system), when do the homologous X chromosomes segregate? a. During mitosisb. During meiosis I, anaphasec. During meiosis II, anaphased. They do not segregate; gametes contain a copy of X and a copy of Y.Answer: bSection 4.1Comprehension9. In a germ-line cell from a human male that is dividing, when do the X and Y chromosomes segregate? a. During mitosisb. During meiosis I, anaphasec. During meiosis II, anaphased. They do not segregate; gametes contain a copy of X and a copy of Y.Answer: bSection 4.1Comprehension10. Which of the following human genotypes is associated with Klinefelter syndrome?a. XXYb. XXXYc. XXXXYd. All of the abovee. None of the aboveAnswer: dSection 4.1Comprehension11. What is the sex chromosome constitution of a male duck-billed platypus? a. XXb. XYc. XOd. ZZe. XXXXXYYYYYAnswer: eSection 4.1Comprehension12. An XXY chromosome constitution produces ________ development in humans and _________ development in fruit flies. a. female; femaleb. male; malec. female; maled. male; femalee. male, intersexAnswer: dSection 4.1Comprehension13. The sex determination system used by Drosophila is calleda. the X:A sex determination system.b. the ZZ-ZW sex determination system.c. the XX-XO sex determination system.d. the XX-XY sex determination system.e. Both b and c are correct.Answer: aSection 4.1Comprehension14. With the XX-XO sex determination system, generallya. female offspring have one X chromosome, and it is inherited from their father.b. male offspring have one X chromosome, and it is inherited from their mother.c. male offspring have one X chromosome, and it is inherited from their father.d. female offspring have one X chromosome, and it is inherited from their mother.e. None of the above statements is true.Answer: bSection 4.1Comprehension15. Species in which an individual organism has both male and female reproductive structures are calleda. monoecious.b. haploid.c. diploid.d. dioecious.e. Both c and d are correct.Answer: aSection 4.1Comprehension16. Human females with XY chromosomes and a phenotype that includes the absence of a uterus and ovaries and the presence of testes are likely to have which of the following mutations? a. A mutation in the SRY geneb. A mutation in the androgen receptor genec. A deletion that removes much of the Y chromosomed. They likely do not carry a mutation but may have been premature babies.e. None of the above answers is correct.Answer: bSection 4.1Comprehension17. Human males, with XY chromosomes are___________ and produce two different kinds of gametes, whereas females with XX chromosomes are ___________ and produce only one kind. a. homogametic; heterogameticb. dioecious; monoeciousc. heterogametic; homogametic d. monoecious; dioeciouse. monoecious; heterogameticAnswer: cSection 4.1Comprehension18. In which of the following phenotypic females do testes develop? a. XY with an deletion that removes the SRY geneb. XOc. XY with the X-linked recessive condition of androgen insensitivity syndrome d. XXe. Both a and b are correct.Answer: cSection 4.1Application 19. During the evolution of the human Y chromosome, all of the following are assumed to occur excepta. the original chromosome was an autosome that eventually evolved into the Y chromosome.b. one of the early events in the evolution of the Y chromosome was the acquisition or evolution of a gene somewhat similar to the current human SRY gene.c. many of the genes on the original ancestral chromosome suffered mutations and became inactive during the evolution of the Y chromosome.d. many of the genes on the early X chromosome that were responsible for critical cellular functions got moved