CBACAAdDbBAAbbAbBBBddDDBbADdBbAdAdDbBbAAbBdBdDBdBdbbADDTest Bank forChapter 2: Chromosomes and Cellular ReproductionMultiple-Choice Questions7. In prokaryotes, replication usually begins at a specific place on the chromosome called the8. The highly organized internal scaffolding of the nucleus is called thea. histone complex.9. The attachment point on the chromosome for spindle microtubules is thea. telomere.10. The process of splitting the cytoplasm, which separates one cell into two, is termeda. cytokinesis.Answer: Chiasmata (chiasma) or the synaptonemal complexTest Bank for Chapter 2: Chromosomes and Cellular ReproductionMultiple-Choice Questions1. Which of the following statements is false?a. Errors in chromosome separation are rarely a problem for an organism. b. Errors in chromosome separation can result in a miscarriage.c. Errors in chromosome separation can result in cancer.d. Errors in chromosome separation can result in a child with severe handicaps.e. Errors in chromosome separation can cause numerous problems for an organism.Answer: aSection: IntroductionComprehension 2. Which of these are NOT prokaryotes?a. Eubacteriab. Archaeac. Virusesd. Ancient bacteriaAnswer: cSection 2.1Comprehension 3. Which statement is true? a. Eubacteria are more closely related to archaea than they are to eukaryotes.b. Archaea are more closely related to eukaryotes than they are to eubacteria. c. Eukaryotes are more closely related to eubacteria than they are to archaea.d. Viruses are more closely related to prokaryotes than they are to eukaryotes.e. Eubacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes are all equally related.Answer: bSection 2.1Comprehension 4. Which of the following statements is false?a. Generally, chromosomes of prokaryotes are circular.b. Prokaryotes usually have a single molecule of DNA.c. Generally, chromosomes of eukaryotes are circular. d. Eukaryotes usually have multiple chromosomes.e. Eukaryote chromosomes are usually linear.Answer: cSection 2.1Comprehension 5. In eukaryotes, chromosomes do not containa. ribosomes.b. chromatin.c. proteins.d. histones.e. DNA.Answer: aSection 2.1Comprehension 6. Prokaryotic chromosomes do not have telomeres because theya. do not go through mitosis.b. do not go through DNA replication.c. are in the cytoplasm.d. are circular.e. have no centromeres.Answer: dSection 2.1-2.2Comprehension 7. In prokaryotes, replication usually begins at a specific place on the chromosome called thea. binary fission site.b. origin of replication.c. origin of mitosis.d. anchoring site.e. kinetochore.Answer: bSection 2.2Comprehension 8. The highly organized internal scaffolding of the nucleus is called thea. histone complex.b. spindle microtubules.c. nuclear cohesion.d. nuclear matrix.e. nuclear envelope.Answer: dSection 2.2Comprehension 9. The attachment point on the chromosome for spindle microtubules is thea. telomere.b. centromere.c. origin of replication.d. sister chromatid.e. allele.Answer: bSection 2.2 Comprehension 10. The process of splitting the cytoplasm, which separates one cell into two, is termeda. cytokinesis.b. mitosis.c. anaphase.d. diakinesis.e. fusion.Answer: aSection 2.2Comprehension 11. In order to be functional, a eukaryotic chromosome requires all of the following excepta. a centromere.b. origins of replication.c. a plasmid.d. telomeres.Answer: cSection 2.2Comprehension 12. Diploid cells are cells with a. a single set of chromosomes.b. circular chromosomes.c. two sets of chromosomes.d. many sets of chromosomes.e. three sets of chromosomesAnswer: cSection 2.2Comprehension 13. If a healthy cell passes the G1/S checkpoint,a. it will enter the G0 stage of the cell cycle.b. DNA will be replicated.c. it will not divide.d. it will proceed immediately to cytokinesis.e. it will die.Answer: bSection 2.2Comprehension 14. Which of the following does NOT occur during the G2 phase of the cell cycle?a. The G2/M checkpoint is reached.b. DNA replication and error checking is completed.c. The cell completes preparation for mitosis.d. The cell divides.Answer: dSection 2.2Comprehension 15. Which of the following occurs during prometaphase?a. The chromosomes align in a single plane.b. DNA is replicated.c. Microtubules attach to the kinetochores.d. Mitotic spindles form.e. The two sister chromatids separate.Answer: cSection 2.2Comprehension 16. Chromosome movement during anaphase is a result ofa. disassembly of tubulin molecules by molecular motor proteins.b. kinetochore shortening causing chromosomes to pull apart.c. metaphasal plate splitting resulting in chromosomal disassembly.d. the cohesion protein attaching to the centromeres of sister chromatids.e. cilia movement inside the cellular structure.Answer: aSection 2.2Comprehension 17. Pea plants have seven different types of chromosomes. A chromosome with a centromere at the very end is called a. submetacentric.b. metacentric.c. acrocentric.d. acentric.e. telocentric.Answer: eSection 2.2Comprehension 18. A dividing eukaryotic cell is treated with a drug that inhibits the molecular motors associated with kinetochores. At which cell cycle stage would it stop?a. G1b. Sc. G2d. M (metaphase)e. M (telophase)Answer: dSection 2.2Application19. Pea plants have seven different types of chromosomes. The nucleus of a megaspore in a pea ovary would contain how many chromosomes? a. 3 ½ b. 7c. 14d. 21e. 30Answer: bSection 2.3Comprehension 20. Pea plants have seven different types of chromosomes. A nucleus in the pea endosperm contains how many chromosomes? a. 3 ½ b. 7c. 14d. 21e. 30Answer: dSection 2.3Comprehension 21. What process is unique to plants?a. Meiosisb. Double fertilizationc. Crossing overd. Haploid gametese. SpermatogenesisAnswer: bSection 2.3Comprehension 22. Suppose that a diploid cell contains 8 chromosomes (2n = 8). How many different combinations in the gametes are possible?a. 2b. 4c. 8d. 16e. 64Answer: dSection 2.3Comprehension 23. A diploid somatic cell from a rat has a total of 42 chromosomes (2n = 42). As in 5. The figure shows a chromosomal separation taking place. The letters stand for genes; capital and lowercase stand for different alleles. The diploid chromosome number in this organism is four. What process is shown?a. Anaphase of mitosisb. Telophase of meiosis Ic. Anaphase of meiosis Id. Telophase of mitosise. Anaphase of meiosis IIAnswer: eSection 2.3Comprehension 24. In a flowering plant, the male part of the flower (the stamen) produces haploid microspores that divide by _____to produce sperm.