Test Bank forChapter 17: Control of Gene Expression in EukaryotesShort-Answer QuestionsTest Bank forChapter 17: Control of Gene Expression in EukaryotesMultiple-Choice Questions1. Which of the following statements about regulation of the eukaryotic gene expression is INCORRECT?a. The presence of a nuclear membrane separating transcription and translation in eukaryotes led to the evolution of additional mechanisms of gene regulation.b. In eukaryotes, most structural genes are found within operons. c. Eukaryotic mRNAs are generally more stable than prokaryotic mRNAs. d. The rate of degradation of mRNAs is important in regulation in eukaryotes. e. Post-translational regulation of histones is unique to the eukaryotes.Answer bSection: 17.1Comprehension 2. Which of the following statements about histone and gene expression is correct?a. In a general sense, highly condensed DNA bound with histone proteins represses gene expression. b. Acetylation involves the addition of acetyl groups to histone proteins, and it usually results in repression of transcription. c. Addition of methyl groups to the tails of histone proteins always results in activation of transcription. d. Histone code is referring to the modification that takes place on the globular domain of the octomeric histone core.e. All statements above are correct. Answer: aSection: 17.2Comprehension 3. Which of the following molecules is capable of targeting chromatin remodeling complexes tospecific DNA sequences to modify chromatin structure and activate gene expression?a. Transcriptional repressorb. Enhancerc. DNAse Id. Transcriptional activatorse. Histone deacetylaseAnswer: dSection: 17.2Comprehension4. Proteins that affect the structure of DNA bound to histones without altering histone chemical structure are called a. RISCs.b. chromatin-remodeling complexes.c. splicing complexes.d. MRE activator proteins.e. Dicers.Answer: bSection: 17.2Comprehension 5. When regions around genes become sensitive to the enzyme DNase I, this is an indication that those regions are a. becoming transcriptionally active.b. becoming more condensed.c. binding to the single-strand binding proteins.d. destabilizing and transcriptionally inactive.e. becoming highly methylated by a methylase.Answer: aSection: 17.2Application 6. What is the consequence of methylation of DNA sequence called CpG islands?a. Active transcription b. Transcription repressionc. Recruitment of chromosome remodeling complexd. Transcriptional stallinge. Insulator sequence formationAnswer: bSection: 17.2Application 7. Which of the following events is known to make DNA to become more sensitive to digestion by DNase I?a. DNA methylationb. Deacetylation of histonec. Acetylation of histone d. Formation of heterochromatin e. All of the aboveAnswer: cSection: 17.2Application 8. Which of the following is NOT addressed by performing chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) technique? a. The types of modification done on the DNA-binding proteinsb. The location of modified histones that activate or repress transcriptionc. The position of transcription factors and associated regulators on the chromosomed. Identification of active promoters on genome-wide levele. All of the aboveAnswer: eSection: 17.2Application 9. Choose the correct order of procedure in performing chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP).1. DNA sequencing and fragment identification2. Removal of crosslinking and separation of DNA and proteins3. Crosslinking proteins and chromosomes via UV4. Antibody incubation for immunoprecipitation5. Protein degradation via proteases6. Cell lysis and chromosome fragmentationa. 1, 3, 2, 4, 5, 6b. 2, 6, 5, 1, 3, 4c. 4, 3, 2, 5, 1, 5d. 3, 6, 4, 2, 5, 1e. 5, 1, 3, 6, 4, 2Answer: dSection: 17.2Application 10. Which of the following statements about CpG islands is correct? a. CpG islands are commonly found at the 3′ UTR regions.b. The CpG island methylation is universal across both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. c. Methylated CpG islands is associated with long term gene repression.d. Transcriptionally active DNA has higher frequency of methylated CpG.e. There is an association exists between DNA methylation at the CpG island and acetylation of histone via recruitment of acetylases.Answer: cSection: 17.2Application 11. In Arabidopsis, FLD (a deacetylase enzyme) stimulates flowering. Which of the following is TRUE?a. FLD deacetylates histones that bind to regions of FLC gene and stimulates its transcription. b. FLD deaceylates histones surrounding FLD gene, causing suppression of FLD transcription.c. FLD deacetylates histones that bind to FLC gene, causing repression of FLC transcription.d. FLD causes repression of FLC translation.Answer: cSection: 17.2Application 12. Which of the following facts about eukaryotic gene regulation is TRUE?a. Transcriptional activator proteins bind to the DNA in non specific manner.b. Eukaryotic enhancers are a part of basal transcription apparatus. c. The eukaryotic regulatory promoters are highly conserved with the same consensus sequences throughout the genome.d. Mediators are protein complexes involved in regulating transcription rates. e. The transcriptional repressors always bind to the insulator elements.Answer: dSection: 17.3Comprehension 13. Which of the following terms is least relevant to the assembly of basal transcription apparatus for transcription?a. Core promoterb. General transcription factors c. TATA boxd. RNA polymerase.e. Enhancer Answer: eSection: 17.3Comprehension14. A boundary element is also known as a(n)a. insulator.b. repressor.c. enhancer.d. coactivator.e. mediator.Answer: aSection: 17.3Comprehension 15. A eukaryotic DNA sequence that affects transcription at distant promoters is called a(n)a. insulator.b. silencer.c. mediator.d. enhancer.e. repressor.Answer: dSection: 17.3Comprehension 16. Although operons are not common in eukaryotes, eukaryotic genes may be activated by the same stimulus. Which of the following DNA regulatory sequence makes this coordinated gene expression possible?a. Core promoterb. Enhancer elementc. Response elementd. Boundary element e. Silencer elementAnswer: cSection: 17.3Comprehension 17. Choose the type of control illustrated by GAL4 in the control of genes for yeast galactose-metabolizing enzymes.a. Negative inducibleb. Negative repressiblec. Positive inducibled. Positive repressibleAnswer: cSection: 17.3Application 18. A mutation in the gene for the yeast regulatory protein GAL4 causes yeast to grow poorly on