Test Bank forChapter 13: Transcriptiond. 3’-CCGTAGCTGC-5’e. 3’-CGTCGATGCC-5’30. Prokaryotic promoters contain the sequence TATAAT at the position –10 from the transcription start.Test Bank forChapter 13: TranscriptionMultiple-Choice Questions1. Which of the following is a type of RNA that gets translated?a. rRNAb. mRNAc. tRNAd. miRNAe. A, B, and C all get translated.Answer: bSection 13.1Comprehension Question2. Which of the following RNA molecules are required for the process of translation?a. crRNAb. tRNAc. snRNAd. snoRNAe. siRNAAnswer: bSection 13.1Comprehension Question3. Over time, DNA replaced RNA as the primary carrier of genetic information, and the chemical stability of DNA is believed to be the key reason for this. Which attribute of DNA is the reason behind its chemical stability?a. DNA lacks a free hydroxyl group on the 2′-carbon atom of its sugar.b. Unlike RNA, DNA is usually double-stranded.c. DNA does not usually form hairpin loops.d. One of the two pyrimidines found in DNA does not involve uracil.e. DNA contains thymines, which make it more chemically stable.Answer: aSection 13.1Comprehension Question4. This molecule is synthesized using nucleotides containing the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil. a. RNA onlyb. DNA onlyc. Both RNA and DNAd. Neither RNA nor DNAAnswer: aSection 13.1Comprehension Question5. In eukaryotes, tRNAs are a. transcribed in the nucleus and function in the nucleus.b. transcribed in the nucleus but function in the cytoplasm.c. transcribed in the cytoplasm and function in the cytoplasm.d. transcribed in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm and function in the cytoplasm.e. transcribed in the cytoplasm and function in the nucleus.Answer: bSection 13.1Comprehension Question6. ____________________ probably began the evolution of life on Earth.a. DNAb. RNA promotersc. DNA polymerasesd. RNA polymerasese. RibozymesAnswer: eSection 13.1Comprehension Question7. During transcription, which parts of a DNA molecule are transcribed into RNA?a. All of the nucleotides in DNA on both strandsb. All of the nucleotides on one strand of DNAc. Only parts of the DNA that encode mRNAd. Only regions of the DNA that contain genese. Only regions of the DNA that encode rRNAAnswer: dSection 13.2Comprehension Question8. Which of the following statements are TRUE regarding transcription in most organisms?a. All genes are transcribed from the same strand of DNA.b. Both DNA strands are used to transcribe a single gene.c. Different genes may be transcribed from different strands of DNA.d. The DNA template strand is used to encode double stranded RNA.e. The DNA nontemplate strand is used to encode single stranded RNA.Answer: cSection 13.2Comprehension Question9. Which of the following is a sequence of DNA where transcription is initiated?a. Hairpin loopb. TBPc. Initiatord. Sigma factore. PromoterAnswer: eSection 13.2Comprehension Question10. Where are promoters usually located?a. Upstream of the start siteb. Downstream of the start sitec. Near nucleotide +25d. Near the hairpin loope. Downstream of the terminatorAnswer: aSection 13.2Comprehension Question11. Which of the following statements is NOT true?a. Both DNA and RNA are synthesized in a 5′ to 3′ direction.b. During RNA synthesis, the DNA template strand is read in a 3′ to 5′ direction.c. During RNA synthesis, new nucleotides are added to the 3′ end of the growing RNA molecule.d. RNA polymerase has 5′ to 3′ polymerase activity.e. RNA molecules have the same 5′ to 3′ orientation as the DNA template strands to which they are complementary.Answer: e Section 13.2Comprehension Question12. Whereas the nucleotide strand used for transcription is termed the _______, the nontranscribed strand is called the _________.a. promoter; terminatorb. terminator; promoterc. transcription apparatus; TATA boxd. template strand; nontemplate strande. nontemplate strand; template strandAnswer: dSection 13.2Comprehension Question13. In transcription, to which end of the elongating strand are nucleotides always added?a. 3′b. 5′c. 3′ in prokaryotes and 5′ in eukaryotesd. It depends on which RNA polymerase is being used.e. It depends on which DNA strand is being used as the template.Answer: aSection 13.2Comprehension Question14. In a transcription reaction, two phosphate groups are cleaved from the incominga. deoxyribonucleoside diphosphate.b. deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate.c. ribonucleoside diphosphate.d. ribonucleoside triphosphate.e. ribozyme.Answer: dSection 13.2Comprehension Question15. What types of bonds are created between nucleotides during the process of transcription?a. Ionicb. Oxygenc. Phosphodiesterd. Hydrogene. Both C and DAnswer: cSection 13.2Comprehension Question16. In eukaryotes, which RNA polymerase transcribes the genes that encode proteins?a. RNA polymerase Ib. RNA polymerase IIc. RNA polymerase IIId. RNA polymerase IVe. RNA polymerase VAnswer: bSection 13.2Comprehension Question17. The DNA replication enzyme that most closely resembles RNA polymerase isa. DNA polymerase I.b. DNA polymerase III.c. primase.d. telomerase.e. helicase.Answer: cSection 13.2Comprehension Question18. When this molecule is synthesized, both strands of a DNA molecule are used as a template.a. RNA onlyb. DNA onlyc. Both RNA and DNAd. Neither RNA nor DNAAnswer: bSection 13.2Comprehension Question19. This molecule is synthesized using triphosphate nucleotides as a substrate for a polymerase enzyme that forms phosphodiester bonds.a. RNA onlyb. DNA onlyc. Both RNA and DNAd. Neither RNA nor DNAAnswer: cSection 13.2Comprehension Question20. The polymerase that synthesizes this molecule uses DNA as a template and synthesizes new strands from 5′ to 3′. a. RNA onlyb. DNA onlyc. Both RNA and DNAd. Neither RNA nor DNAAnswer: cSection 13.2Comprehension Question21. This molecule is made of nucleotides joined by phosphodiester bonds that connect the 2′ OH to the 5′ phosphate.a. RNA onlyb. DNA onlyc. Both RNA and DNAd. Neither RNA nor DNAAnswer: dSection 13.2Comprehension Question22. What is the function of eukaryotic RNA polymerase I?a. Transcription of rRNA genesb. Transcription of mRNA genesc. Transcription of tRNA genesd. Transcription of snRNAse. Initiation of transcription (but not elongation)Answer: aSection 13.2Comprehension Question23. Which of the following is NOT required for transcription?a. Ribonucleotidesb. RNA primersc. DNA templated. RNA polymerasee. PromoterAnswer: bSection 13.2Comprehension