Semantic FeaturesWord meaning determined not by the position of the word in a network of meaning, but by the decomposition into smaller parts of meaning.Decomposition theoriesClaim: the meaning of all words can be represented as combinations of smaller features; these smaller features are called semantic primitivesSemantic featuresFather: + human, - female, + olderSemantic FeaturesDecompositional theoriesPros:Make explicit how inferences based on meaning in sentence verification tasks are accomplishedEconomicalCons:Not all words are easily decomposed; what is the full list of featuresEg. Gamesboxing, chess, football, solitaireCompetition, recreation, teams, winners, losers Each has some, but none has allQti Is decomposition obligatory?Difficult to testLikely that kids do, but older adults dontitFamily Resemblance ModelsPrototype theoryPrototypeti an average member of the family/category; the best examplePrototype ModelLots of evidence in support of prototype models over feature modelsSentence verification task advantage for prototypes (fasterti Prototype names learned before non-prototypesBut...Doesntit work well for all types of words, par.cularly abstract words, What is the prototype of democracy?Combing ConceptsGreen + house = orCorn + oil =Baby + oil = ????Figurative LanguageLiteral language: intended meaning corresponds exactly to meanings of wordsFigurative language: meaning goes beyond meanings of words for humor, play, creativity.MetaphorShe is a walking dictionary.My mom is a teddy bear.SimilesShe is as tall as a giraffe.He eats like a pig.IdiomsShe spilled the beans.Itim on cloud nine.Stages of non-literal processingDerive literal meaningTest literal meaning against contextIf literal meaning makes no sense in context, seek alternative metaphorical meaningsSemantics and the brainWhere is our word knowledge stored?How is it organized?Are their distinctions between word knowledge and the processes associated with retrieving that knowledge?Semantic dementiaProgressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a loss of semantic memoryApplicationSemantic feature analysis to treat anomia in aphasiaCSD 3117 1st Edition Lecture 22Outline of Last Lecture I. Word Form and Word meaninga. Heterographic homophonesb. Polysemous wordsc. Categorizationd. Semanticse. Semantic NetworksOutline of Current Lecture II. Word Form and Word meaning cont.a. Semantic FeaturesIII. Family Resemblance ModelsIV. Combining ConceptsV. Figurative LanguageVI. Stages of Non-literal processingVII. Semantics and the brainVIII. Semantic dementiaIX. Application Semantic Features- Word meaning determined not by the position of the word in a network of meaning, but by the decomposition into smaller parts of meaning.o Decomposition theories- Claim: the meaning of all words can be represented as combinationsof smaller features; these smaller features are called semantic primitivesThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. Semantic features- Father: + human, - female, + older & Semantic Features- Decompositional theories o Pros: Make explicit how inferences based on meaning in sentence verification tasks are accomplished Economicalo Cons: Not all words are easily decomposed; what is the full listof features  Eg. Games boxing, chess, football, solitaire Competition, recreation, teams, winners, losers Each has some, but none has allo Qti Is decomposition obligatory? Difficult to test Likely that kids do, but older adults dontit Family Resemblance Models- Prototype theoryo Prototypeti an average member of the family/category; the best example- Prototype Model- Lots of evidence in support of prototype models over feature modelso Sentence verification task advantage for prototypes (fasterti Prototype names learned before non-prototypes- But...o Doesntit work well for all types of words, par.cularly abstract words, What is the prototype of democracy? & Combing Concepts- Green + house = or- Corn + oil =- Baby + oil = ???? Figurative Language- Literal language: intended meaning corresponds exactly to meanings of words- Figurative language: meaning goes beyond meanings of words for humor, play, creativity.- Metaphoro She is a walking dictionary. o My mom is a teddy bear.- Simileso She is as tall as a giraffe. o He eats like a pig.- Idiomso She spilled the beans. o Itim on cloud nine. Stages of non-literal processing- Derive literal meaning- Test literal meaning against context- If literal meaning makes no sense in context, seek alternative metaphorical meanings Semantics and the brain- Where is our word knowledge stored?- How is it organized?- Are their distinctions between word knowledge and the processes associated with retrieving that knowledge? Semantic dementia- Progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a loss of semantic memory & Application- Semantic feature analysis to treat anomia in