PSYC 1315 1st Edition Lecture 31Last LectureSocial Psychology Current Lecture Psychological DisordersAbnormal Behavior •Behavior that:–Deviates from what is acceptable in a culture–Interferes with a person’s ability to function effectively in the world –Creates unrelenting distress for a prolonged time Insanity - • Legal, not psychological, concept - • The inability to understand that certain actions are wrong, in alegal or moral sense, at the time of a crime - • Claimed less than 1% of trials - • Successful .26% of the time - Medical Model for diagnosis - •Describes psychological disorders as medical diseases with a biological origin - –Structural view: Abnormalities in the brain –Biochemical view: Neurotransmitter or - hormone imbalances–Genetic view: Disordered genesLabeling effects - • Langer &Albelson (1974) - • Professional therapists - • Watched video of a man describing adjustment problems - • Told he was a ‘mental patient’ or a ‘job applicant’ Rosenhan Study - • Researchers arrived at different psychiatric facilities - • Complained of hearing voices to get admitted - • Stopped the ‘symptoms’ once admitted - • Staff continued to treat as patients and view ‘normal’ actions as symptomatic of the disorder - The DSM-IV - •Used for diagnosis and classification - •Five Axes: –Clinical - –Personality–Medical–Psychosocial–Global Assessment of Functioning DSM-V Classification System •Advantages - – provides a common basis for communication- – helps clinicians make predictions - – naming the disorder can provide comfort •Disadvantages - – stigma (shame, negativereputation) - – medical terminology implies internal cause - – focus on weaknesses, ignores strengths - Anxiety Disorders - •Psychological disorders that feature motor tension, hyperactivity, and apprehensive expectations and thoughts Anxiety-Related Disorders uncontrollable fears that are disproportionate and disruptive - • generalized anxiety disorder - • panic disorder - • specific phobia - • social anxiety disorder Anxiety-related, but not DSM-5 anxiety disorders: –obsessive-compulsive disorder –post-traumatic stress disorder Generalized Anxiety Disorder •“Free floating” anxiety•No single attribute causing it •Lasts at least 6 months Panic Disorder •Panic attacks:–Recurrent, sudden onsets of intense apprehension or terror –Pounding heart, sweating, nausea –Agoraphobia:•A cluster of fears centered on public placesPhobic Disorder •Highly focused fear of a specific object of situation •Irrational, not justified by reality •Common examples: –Snake, flying, heights, closed
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