PSYC 1315 1st Edition Lecture 24 Last Lecture Motivation and emotion Current Lecture Gender sex equality Biological social cognitive influences on gender Biological Influences Gender social dimension of being female or male Gender role set of expecta ons prescribing how females and males should act feel and think Gender typing process by which children acquire thoughts behaviors and feelings culturally appropriate for their gender Sex designates the biological aspects of being female or male Defining Gender Social and Psychological Aspects of Being Female or Male Gender Identity masculinity instrumentality femininity expressiveness androgyny both Defining Sex Properties that Determine Sex as Male or Female 23rd pair of chromosomes XY or XX gonads ovaries testes gonadal hormones estrogens or androgens internal reproductive structures external genitalia secondary sex characteristics at puberty Sexual Development Embryonic Development of Gonads and Genitalia SRY gene testes androgens male physiology female is default condition Gender Differences in Regards to the Brain size of brain parts function of brain parts corresponding cognitive function which part of brain involved in particular behaviors Disorders of Sexual Development congenitally atypical chromosomal gonadal or anatomical development questions of relation of DSD to gender development Transgender Experience Gender Identity Disorder not considered a disorder in France or Great Britain gender dysphoria sex reassignment surgery Gender Development Biological Accounts behavioral difference in newborns and infants Preferences for toys boys more me observing toys girls spent more me looking at faces Evolutionary Accounts selection pressures for gendered behaviors competition for mate usually by male preferences choice for quality mate usually by female reproductive challenges quality v quantity Social Cognitive Accounts experience influences sense of gender socialization rewards punishments modeling gender schema mental framework Social Role Theory division of labor natural differences become expected valued differences gender roles and gender stereotypes
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