PSYC 1315 1st Edition Lecture 25Last LecturePsychodynamics, Personality Current Lecture Psychodynamics, Personality The Big 5 factors model of personality:O-OpennessC-Conscientiousness E-ExtraversionA-AgreeablenessN-Neuroticism Openness:Agrees with everything, willing to try anything, new experiences, tolerance, creativity, curiousConscientiousness:Ethical, dependable, better work performance Extraversion:Talkative, sociable, fun loving, affectionate, engage in social activities, expresses gratitudeAgreeableness:Sympathetic, warm, trusting, cooperating, generosityNeuroticism:Emotional stability, if you have a lower score it means you are more sensitive, higher score means you are more emotionally stable, anger, depression, anxietyPersonological approach:The uniqueness of each person is to focus on his or her life story and historyMurray’s approach:Personology: to refer to the study of the whole person,He believed that to understand a person we have to know that persons history, physical, psych, and social Life approach to identity:McAdams developed the life story approach to identity, A unique life story representing our memories of what makes us who we are, Looks at extremes, the ups and downs Social Cognitive Perspective:Conscious awareness, beliefs, and expectationsBehaviorist roots are observational learning, modeling, and classical conditioningLearning how to act Banduras Social Cognitive Theory:Behavior, environment, and person and cognitive factors are all important in understanding personality 1. Observational learning (bandura)(see how other people respond and then we adapt to those behaviors)2. Locus of control (external) I have no control of what happens (internal) I control what happens to me 3. Self efficiency (belief about our own abilities related to a particular situation) (influences whether people even try to develop healthy habits as well as how much effort they expand in coping with stress, how long they persist in the face of obstacles and how much stress and pain they experience) Mischel’s Contributions:This quality of traits suggest that a person should behave consistently in different situations- in other worlds, individuals should exhibit cross situational consistency Situational consistency is maybe not across situations, but may do within a situation (only get a certain way during given time, but not all the time in every situation)Self monitoring is molding behavior to fit in a situation (adapting to environment or with the people we are with) Personality Tests:Self report: has a disadvantage of changing response based on how you want someone to see you and an advantage of standardized and objectiveTo make sure people are telling the truth you can be anonymous, reverse coding, multiple sources about same person Projective: Interpret ambiguous stimuli Roschach test is ink test and you have to say what you see TAT test is you are given a picture and you have to say what the story is Type A Behavior pattern:Hostile, competitive, impatient, related to heart diseaseType B Behavior pattern:Relaxed, easy going, good
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