PSYC 1315 1st Edition Lecture 30Last LectureSocial Psychology Current Lecture Social Psychology Group Polarization The solidification and further strengthening of an individual’s position as a consequence of a group discussion Example: Meat is murder Groupthink Group members are so concerned with consensus, they ignore/suppress dissenting views Example: NASA Challenger Ways to avoid Groupthink - Higher-ups shouldn’t express their opinion in the beginning - Set up smaller groups to discuss the situation - Assign a devil’s advocate - Specifically look at all alternatives - Ask outsiders for their opinions - Group Identity - Us vs. ThemSocial identity:- ◦The way we define ourselves in terms of our group membership - Social Identity Theory: - ◦Our social identities are a crucial part of our self- image and a valuable source of positive feelings about ourselves (Ex. Political discussions) Ethnocentrism - The tendency to favor one’s own ethnic group over other groups - We vs. They - Ingroup vs. Outgroup- Theoutgroup is not only different, it is inferiorand worse than the ingroup◦Minimal groups paradigm Group level perceptions Stereotyping◦Looking at social schemas of groups Prejudice◦Unjustified negative attitude toward an individual based on the individual’s membership in a group Discrimination ◦Unjustified negative/harmful action toward a member of a group simply because he/she is a member Ways to Improve Group Relations Sherif’s Robbers Cave Study◦Rattlers and Eagles◦Needed to cooperate with each other Aronson’s Jigsaw Classroom◦Change the competitive classroom into acooperative one ◦Break up students into groups and each group had ‘a piece of the puzzle’ Attraction What makes someone attractive? Evolutionary perspective:◦Purpose of attraction is to attain a good mate ◦Men: focus on physical attractiveness◦Women: focus on financial means Love Different types of love◦Family, friends, romantic, pet, etc◦Love depends on the relationship ◦“I love you, but I’m not IN love with you” Making Love Work Social Exchange Theory ◦Based on the notion that social relationships involve an exchange of goods, the objective of which is to minimize costs and maximize benefits ◦Equity is a good predictor of satisfaction Investment Model ◦Emphasizes the way that commitment, investment, and the availability of an attractive alternative partner predicts satisfaction andstability in
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