PSYC 1315 1st Edition Lecture 29 Last Lecture Social Psychology Current Lecture Social Psychology How to change people s attitudes Main elements The communicator source Trustworthy Credible Likeable Powerful The message Foot in the door vs Door in the face The medium Television vs Newspaper The target audience Age and attitude Persuasion Elaboration Two likelihood model routes Central Deep focus on the message Sound logical argument Peripheral Surface Unmotivated or unable to process Sources credibility is based attractiveness or emotional appeals Altruism An unselfish interest in helping someone else Donations volunteering etc Egoism Giving to another person to ensure reciprocity to gain self esteem to present oneself as powerful caring to avoid failing to live up to society s expectations Empathy When we feel a oneness with the emotional state of another The bystander effect Reluctance to come to the aid of a person in need when other people are present 1964 Kitty Genovese Research example Fake seizure study Diffusion of Responsibility Assumption that others have already or will help Our sense of responsibility spreads out to all the individuals present Example CPR Aggression Biological Influences Evolutionary views Genetic basis Neurobiological factors Psychological Factors Frustrating and Aversive circumstances Cognitive factors Observational learning Sociocultural Factors Media violence Cultural norms Conformity A change in a person s behavior to coincide more closely with a group standard Research example Asch 1951 simple perception study Conformity Depends on Group size somewhat and unanimity Informational social influence Influenced by others because we want to be right Normative social influence Influenced by others because we want to be liked and approved of Deindividuation When being a part of a group reduces personal identity and erodes the sense of personal responsibility Become less accountable for actions less selfconscious more anonymous Social Contagion Imitative behavior involving the spread of behavior emotions and ideas Ever wonder why when one baby cries they all cry Social facilitation Improvement in an individual s performance because of the presence of others Research examples Fishing line reeling eating driving Does this work with animals too Social Loafing Tendency to put out less effort when working in a group compared to working alone Research examples Cheering while being blindfolded Ways to alleviate Meaningful task point out individual efforts
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