PSYC 1315 1st Edition Lecture 24Last LectureGender, sex, sexuality Current Lecture Psychodynamics, Personality Personality:A pattern of enduring distinctive thoughts, emotions, and behaviors that characterize the way an individual adapts to the world ID: Unconscious drives, individuals reservoir of sexual energy -Latin word for “it”-No control with reality -Pleasure principle (avoiding pain) Psychodynamic perspective: Goal that motivates behaviorFreud, viewed personality as being unconscious and development in stages Ego: Demands reality-Reality Principle-Gets what the ID wants within the norms of society Super Ego:Harsh internal judge of our behavior, conscience Defense Mechanism:Anxiety, reduces it by unconsciously distorting reality-Regression-Reaction formation-Projection-Sublimination -Rationalization -Repression -Denial Stages of development:Oral stage (18 months) Infants pleasure center on the mouth, sucking, chewing, biting Anal Stage (18 to 36 months)Childs greatest pleasure involves the anus and urethra Phallic Stage (3 to 6 years)Pleasure focuses on the genitals as the child discovers self stimulation is enjoyable Latency StageGenital Puberty Stage Horney’s Theory:Believed that the need for security, not sex, is the prime motive in human existence Jung’s Theory:The collective unconscious is the impersonal deepest layer of the unconscious mind, and have archetypes Adler’s Theory:People are motivated by purposes and goals and that perfection, not pleasure is thus the key motivator in human lifeHumanistic Approach:Theoretical views stressing a persons capacity for personal growth and positive human qualities Maslow’s Approach:Self actualization, is the motivation to develop ones full potential as a human being Roger’s Approach:Studies of personal growth and self determination Unconditional positive
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