MIC 205 1st Edition Lecture 25Outline of Last LectureI. Microbial Diseasesa. Viral-Skin Cont. Outline of Current Lecture II. Nervous System DiseasesCurrent Lecture Nervous System- Structure- Divided into CNS and PNS- Tissue- Meningeal layers provide key barrier that microbes must pass to infect nervous tissueso CNS is an axenic environment (no normal microbiota) Pathogens access CNS in several ways:- Break in bone/meninges- Medical procedures- Traveling in peripheral neurons into CNS- Blood brain barrier- Localized inflammation Viral infections of nervous system occur more frequently than bacterial or fungal- Diseases of Nervous Systemo Bacterial Meningitis, leprosy (infect cells of nervous system) Botulism, tetanus (release toxin that affect neurons)o Viral Viral meningitiso Protozoan diseases Amoebic meningoencephalopathy African sleeping sicknesso Prion diseases Creutzfeldt-Jakob diseaseThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Bacterial Meningitiso Inflammatory bacterial infection of meninges Caused by multiple microbes (don’t memorize all the listed ones)o Signs and Symptoms Sudden high fever, severe meningeal inflammation Headache (Cranial meninges) Stiff neck (Spinal meninges)o Diagnosis/Treatment Spinal tap- Viral Meningitis (most common meningitis)o Caused by Enterovirus (coxsackie virus) no envelopeo Same signs/symp as bacterial just milder - Leprosy (hansesn’s disease)o Caused by Mycobacterium leprae Mycolic acid in cell wall, acid- fast bacilluso Grows in cooler regions of bodyo Presence of acid fast rods in sampleso 2 types Tuberculoid ???- Botulismo Caused by Clostridium botulinum Forms endosporeso Poisons the nervous system with botulism toxin (causes muscle relaxation by blocking nerve signal transmission) o 3 forms: Food borne- progressive paralysis of all voluntary muscles (most common) Infant- intestinal growth Wound- symptoms similar to food-borne botulism o Treatment: Wash intestinal tract to remove bacteria Antimicrobials Administer therapeutic antibodies that bind botulism toxins- Tetanus (Lockjaw)o Caused by Clostridium tetani Terminal endospores Poison nervous system with tetanospasmin toxin- Cause muscle contraction by blocking signalso Causes severe muscle spasmso Treatment: Penicillin, tetanospasmin antibodies
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