BSC 160 1nd Edition Lecture 32 Outline of Last Lecture 1 Hypersensitivity Outline of Current Lecture 1 Infections 2 Invasions Current Lecture Types of Infections Mixed Poly microbial more than one pathogen Primary Initial infection Localized that led to systemic Secondary Infection caused by different microbe other than caused by primary Acute Come on rapidly usually short lived Severe Chronic Progresses and persists over long period of time Latent Latency Infectious agent lies quietly inside you flares up time to time Communicable Disease can be passed on person to person Contagious Highly communicable Host to host Non communicable does not come up from host to host Most are brought about by normal flora having some change that brings on pathogen in you Virulence Factors Traits used to invade establish themselves in host determine degree of tissue damage that occurs Severity of disease Phagocytosis Initial host responses Invasions should be non phagocytic Exotoxins that kill phagocytes Capsules slime layers makes phagocytosis difficult More difficult to adhere to specific cells Can also hide antigenic sites Can allow formation of biofilms Pathogenicity Island 6 genes that make up 6 proteins for organism s virulence ability to get in Horizontal vertical transfer of entire islands Make organisms that weren t pathogenicpathogenic Bacillus anthracis first microbe studied first to be causative agent of disease Anthrax Koch Biological warfare Gram Classic endospore former Facultative anaerobe can survive with or without oxygen Natural outbreaks 1 100 000 people year More likely to get it thru diseased animals 3 forms of Anthrax Cutaneous anthrax create endospores in cuts in your skin Gastrointestinal anthrax Eat spores undercooked food Diagnosis usually happens late bc of hidden lesion Rare often fatal Inhalation anthrax spores entering lungs Frequently seen in people working with animals Fever chest pain Hidden internal hemorrhaging Pathogenesis Capsule Protects from phagocytic attacks Has series of toxins Treating it Susceptible to a lot of antibiotics Sifero used prophylactically By time diagnosis made too late for antibiotics Usually fatal Bordetalla Pertussis Know same as Anthrax Disease Forms Pathogenesis Treatment Streptococcal diseases Know disease method of pathogenesis treatment 40 000 deaths annually from Strep Pneumonia S pyogenes Gram chain of cocci not all are pathogenic Attack respiratory tract pyogenes on skin cellulitis rapid death of skin cells Can go deeper into blood muscles heart bone Left untreated frequently fatal Catalase fermentation through sugars Complex growth requirements Different Hemolysis patterns on blood agar Strep Pneumonia Most infectious disease in adults in US Most healthy adults are somewhat resistant 300 000 infections 40 000 deaths Microbe flexible ears sinuses eyes
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