Lecture 31Outline of Last Lecture 1. Immune Response2. Allergic reactionsOutline of Current Lecture 1. HypersensitivityCurrent LectureType 3 hypersensitivity When things go wrong…- Don’t get adequate clearing- Get accumulation of antibody complexeso Repressed immune system & Chronic infectionNot enough monocytes to clear constant renewal. Weak responseo Antibodies that actually recognize self-antigens Rheumatoid arthritis: accumulation in jointso Chronic exposure to antigenSelf-mediated hypersensitivity - T cells responding to allergen, no circulating antibodies, no induction of humoral response- When having an allergic reaction: initial exposure-memory, do not react to proteins. Second response-reaction BSC 160 1nd EditionWhen things go wrong… Autoimmune Diseases1. Genetic predisposition- some disease need these. Increases probability of being susceptible2. Microbio infections can bring on disease3. Endocrine hormones- change severity of autoimmune response- Lupus 4. Stress in neurotransmitters- Can bring about physiological change in immune system. Can contribute and enhance autoimmune disease. Can bring about larger attacks on the bodyChapter 18-LOOK BACK on Chapter 14. NEED TO KNOW: Pathogen, finding a host, invading host, virulence factors… Endotoxins, exotoxins…Finding a susceptible host…- Transmission: Movement from infected host to susceptible host- Direct: Direct contact. Physical contact. Ex.) coughing, kissing, sexo Droplets (spit, mucus)- one meter or lesso Aerosols- can survive long distances. Portal of entry: respiratory tract (breathe in)- Indirect: Infected hostintermediateAnother host. Intermediate=Vehicle Vector born transmission- External- surface of vector- Internal- inside vectorPatterns of Infection- Localized infection- pathogen enters and stays in certain area of tissues- Systemic infection- pathogen enters and travels through fluids in body- Focal infection- Localized infection breaks loose and carried to other tissues
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