Mechanism of Hormone ActionSlide 2Receptor StructureSlide 4Slide 5Slide 6Slide 7Slide 8cAMP Second Messenger HormonesPowerPoint PresentationSlide 11Slide 12Slide 13Slide 14Calcium Second Messenger HormonesSteroid Hormone ActionSteroid Hormone MechanismFeedback LoopsEndocrine Feedback LoopsMechanism of Hormone ActionMechanism of Hormone ActionReceptor StructureMechanism of Hormone ActionReceptorProtein Kinase A(PKA)NucleusDNA Protein Synthesis(Enzymes)Plasma MembraneProtein Hormones(cAMP second messenger)Protein Hormones(cAMP second messenger)CRR-ERProtein SynthesisMitochondriaS-ERSteroid SynthesisLHGAdenylate CyclaseMechanism of Hormone ActionReceptorProtein Kinase A(PKA)NucleusDNA Protein Synthesis(Enzymes)Plasma MembraneProtein Hormones(cAMP second messenger)Protein Hormones(cAMP second messenger)GAdenylate CyclaseCRcAMPLHATPcAMPCRR-ERProtein SynthesisMitochondriaS-ERSteroid SynthesisCRcAMPMechanism of Hormone ActionReceptorProtein Kinase A(PKA)NucleusDNAHistones Protein Synthesis(Enzymes)Plasma MembraneProtein Hormones(cAMP second messenger)Protein Hormones(cAMP second messenger)GAdenylate CyclaseLHATPcAMP(+ PO4)R-ERProtein SynthesisMitochondriaS-ERSteroid SynthesismRNAMechanism of Hormone ActionReceptorProtein Kinase A(PKA)NucleusDNAHistones Protein Synthesis(Enzymes)mRNAPlasma MembraneProtein Hormones(cAMP second messenger)Protein Hormones(cAMP second messenger)CholesterolGAdenylate CyclaseCRcAMPLHATPcAMP(+ PO4)R-ERProtein SynthesisMitochondriaCholesterolPregnenoloneS-ERSteroid SynthesisTestosteroneMechanism of Hormone ActionReceptorProtein Kinase A(PKA)NucleusDNAHistones Protein Synthesis(Enzymes)mRNAPlasma MembraneProtein Hormones(cAMP second messenger)Protein Hormones(cAMP second messenger)CholesterolGAdenylate CyclaseCRcAMPLHATPcAMP(+ PO4)R-ERProtein SynthesisMitochondriaCholesterolPregnenoloneS-ERSteroid SynthesisTestosteronecAMP Second Messenger Hormones•Anterior Pituitary Hormones»LH, FSH, Prolactin»STH, ACTH, TSH•Placental Hormones»HCG, eCGProtein Hormones (Ca2+ Second Messenger)Protein Hormones (Ca2+ Second Messenger)PLCEndoplasmic ReticulumCa2+Protein Kinase CPlasma MembraneGnRHReceptorG-proteinG-proteinRPlasmaMembraneSecretoryGranulesPIP2Protein Hormones (Ca2+ Second Messenger)Protein Hormones (Ca2+ Second Messenger)PLCPIP2 Endoplasmic ReticulumCa2+Plasma MembraneGnRHReceptorG-proteinG-proteinRPlasmaMembraneSecretoryGranulesPIP2 Protein Kinase CProtein Hormones (Ca2+ Second Messenger)Protein Hormones (Ca2+ Second Messenger)PLCPIP2 Endoplasmic ReticulumCa2+Protein Kinase CPlasma MembraneGnRHReceptorG-proteinG-proteinDAGIP3RCa2+PlasmaMembraneSecretoryGranulesRPIP2Protein Hormones (Ca2+ Second Messenger)Protein Hormones (Ca2+ Second Messenger)PLCPIP2 Endoplasmic ReticulumCa2+Protein Kinase CPlasma MembraneGnRHReceptorG-proteinG-proteinDAGIP3RCa2+PlasmaMembraneCa2+SecretoryGranulesRPIP2Protein Hormones (Ca2+ Second Messenger)Protein Hormones (Ca2+ Second Messenger)PLCPIP2 Endoplasmic ReticulumCa2+Protein Kinase CPlasma MembraneGnRHReceptorG-proteinG-proteinDAGIP3RCa2+PlasmaMembraneCa2+LHFusionSecretoryGranulesRPIP2Calcium Second Messenger Hormones•GnRH»triggers release of LH in anterior pituitary•Oxytocin»triggers contractions of smooth muscle•PGF2»triggers apoptosis of cell»inhibition of progesterone synthesisSteroid Hormone ActionCytoplasmCell MembraneDNAReceptorNucleus Steroid(estrogen)Diffusion?mRNAR-ERProtein synthesisNew ProteinChange in Cell PhysiologySteroid Hormone Mechanism•Estradiol•Testosterone, Dihydrotestosterone•CortisolFeedback LoopsHypothalamusReleasing HormonesNeuro-secretory CellsPortal VeinAnterior PituitaryGonadotropins: FSH, LHBlood StreamGonadsReceptor on Cell SurfaceCyclic AMP inside cellSteroid Hormone ProductionBlood Stream--PolypeptidesProteinsWhy only effects on target organs[]{TestosteroneEstradiolProgesteroneBound to ProteinEndocrine Feedback Loops•Negative»gonadal steriods–Testosterone, Progesterone, Estradiol»Protein hormones–inhibin•Positive»Gonadal
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