1Lecture 16: FertilizationAnimal Science 434John J. ParrishCapacitation 1951 Austin - rat Chang - rabbit Fertilization does not occur until severalhours after sperm are placed in theuterus or oviductChang Experiment - 1951020406080100-2 -1 0 2 4 6 8Time of Insemination (hr relative to ovulation)OvulationOvulationPercent FertilizationAfterAfter BeforeBeforeCapacitationThe changes within sperm that conferupon the sperm the ability to acrosomereact in response to the appropriatestimulus. Zona Pellucida Cumulus Cells Follicular Fluid Zona Pellucida Cumulus Cells Follicular FluidEffect of CapacitationEpididymal EjaculatedSeminalPlasmaand/or EpididymalSecretions+CapacitatedFemaleTract+2Model of CapacitationD FPlasma MembraneCytoplasmNucleusAcrosomeD FPlasma MembraneCytoplasmNucleusAcrosomeGAGPlasma MembraneCytoplasmNucleusAcrosomeGAGCholesterolChol-AcceptorCa2+Ca2+pHcAMPActivity ofEnzymesActivity ofEnzymesD FCapacitation No change in sperm morphology Motility change– hyperactivationcAMPPower outputcAMPPower outputThe Acrosome ReactionPlasma MembraneAcrosomeFused PlasmaMembrane and Outer AcrosomalMembraneFused PlasmaMembrane and Outer AcrosomalMembraneNucleusAcrosinHyaluronidaseAcrosinHyaluronidaseModificationof the EquitorialRegionModificationof the EquitorialRegion3The Zona PellucidaThe Zona PellucidaZonaPellucidaZP3AttachmentBindingAcrosome ReactionInductionAcrosome ReactionSperm Interaction with the ZonaZonaPellucidaZP2ZP2ZP2ZP2Secondary BindingZona PenetrationMotilityMotilityZona PellucidaSperm tract through zona pellucidaSperm tract through zona pellucida6-12 hr6-12 hr18-24 hr18-24 hr4Maturation Promoting Factor(MPF)Metaphase Promoting FactorMetaphase Promoting FactorMPFMPFMPFMPFPrimary OocyteGV-IntactGVBDMetaphase IPB-1Secondary OocyteMetaphase IIOvulationLH SurgeZona PellucidaPerivitellineSpaceOocyteCa2+Ca2+Ca2+Ca2+Zona PellucidaPerivitellineSpaceOocyteCa2+Ca2+Ca2+Ca2+Zona PellucidaPerivitellineSpaceOocyteCa2+Ca2+Ca2+Ca2+Zona PellucidaPerivitellineSpaceOocyteCa2+Ca2+Ca2+Ca2+Zona PellucidaPerivitellineSpaceOocyteCa2+Ca2+Ca2+Ca2+59080706050403020100050100150200250300350400450500Time (m in)Calcium (nM)9080706050403020100050100150200250300350400450500Time (min )Calcium (nM)9080706050403020100050100150200250300350400450500Tim e (m in)Calcium ( nM)9080706050403020100050100150200250300350400450500Time (min)Ca lcium (nM)Calcium Transients During Bovine FertilizationCalcium Transients During Bovine FertilizationInitiation of Calcium Pulse bySoluble Sperm ComponentEndoplasmic ReticulumCa2+PLCzetaPIP2DAGIP3Ca2+OocyteSperm Receptor - CalciumPulse InitiationCa++ERIP3PLCZona PellucidaPerivitellineSpaceOocyteMIIAIIMPF XCa2+PronucleiTIIPBIIZona PellucidaPerivitellineSpaceOocyteMIIAIIMPF XCa2+PronucleiDecondensationPronucleiZygoteTIIPBIIZona PellucidaPerivitellineSpaceOocyteCa2+CorticalGranulesZona Block toPolyspermy6Zona PellucidaPerivitellineSpaceOocyteCa2+CorticalGranulesZona Block toPolyspermy3Blocks to Polyspermy124Species1. Mammals3. InvertebratesAmphibiansFishRabbits4.
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